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Mls 2210: Immunological Techniques Question Paper

Mls 2210: Immunological Techniques

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Medical Laboratory Science

Institution: Jomo Kenyatta University Of Agriculture And Technology question papers

Exam Year:2012

JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

University Examinations 2012/2013

EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE

MLS 2210: IMMUNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

DATE: AUGUST 2012 TIME: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS:

• ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN SECTION A AND B AND ONLY ONE QUESTION IN SECTION C.
• A WRONG ANSWER OR GUESS WORK WILL RESULT IN A PENALTY OF 0.5 MARKS

SECTION A - ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

1. The purpose of immunodiffussion is to detect the reaction of an antigen and an antibody by way of:

a) Neutralization

b) Agglutination

c) Lysis

d) Precipitation

2. Ouchterlony also known as double diffusion gives the following characteristic
patterns of precipitation except:

a) Non-identical reaction

b) Identify pattern

c) Single radial immunodiffusion

d) Reaction of partial identity

3. The following are examples of direct agglutination reaction except:

a) Blood typing technique

b) Pregnancy testing

c) Rapid widal testing

d) Rose-bengal test (Test for brucella antigen)

4. Use of labeled reagents is employed in the following tests except

a) Flow cytometry

b) Enzyme immune assay

c) Complememnt fixation tests

d) Radioallergosorbent (RAST) assay

5. Indirect ELISA detection has the following advantages over the direct ELISA except:

a) Increased sensitivity

b) Decreased cross-reactivity of the secondary antibody

c) Reserved immunoreactivity of the primary antibody

d) Increased versatility due to a wide variety of secondary antibodies

6. Which of the following techniques is suitable for detection of immune complexes
fixed along the glomenulin filtrate membrane.

a) ELISA

b) FACS

c) Flourescent Test

d) Lymphocyte assay

7. Monoclonal antibodies are:

a) Heterospecific

b) Multivalent

c) Monospecific

d) Polygenic

8. Myeloma cells used in hybridoma technology are:

a) Antigen specific B cells

b) Immortal B cells

c) Cancerous T cells

d) Polyclonal antibodies

9. Isolation of pure antigen from a mixture of antigen is obtained through the process:

a) Immunoblotting

b) Affinity chromatography

c) Immuniprecipitation

d) Agglutination

10. The third step in immunoblotting technique is:

a) Separation

b) Transfer to nitrocellulose

c) Autoradiography

d) Immunostaining

11. During the histocompatibility testing the principle of the reaction is:

a) Antibody dependend cytocicity (ADCC)

b) Antibody mediated complenent lysis

c) Antibody mediated phagocytosis

d) Antibody mediated lysis

12. In the mixed lymphocyte reaction test the culture media comprises of:

a) Donor’s lymphocytes

b) Recipients lymphocytes

c) Both donor and recipients monocytes

d) Both donor and recipients lymnphocytes

13. The MHC – tetramer technology allows the detection of ------------ in ex vivo cell preparations:

a) Antigen – specific CTL’s

b) Antigen specific CD4 T cells

c) Antibody specific B cells

d) Antibody specific CD8 cells

14. Patch testing is used by desmatologists to detect:

a) Anti-allergy antibodies

b) Cellular response of Type I allergy

c) Cutaneous hypersensisitivity to various substances

d) Drug-induced hypersensitivity

15. Elispot assay is carried out to determine:

a) B and T cells effctor functions

b) Cytokine interaction

c) CTL antigen specificity

d) Lymphocyte stimulation

16. In sandwich ELISA the primary antibody is:

a) Labelled with an enzyme

b) The detecting antibody and unlabelled

c) The capture antibody

d) None of the above

17. In transgenic technology the mammalian model used is:

a) A rabbit

b) Mouse

c) Harmster

d) Transgenic rats

18. The term transgenic is applied to:

a) Mice expressing exogenous DNA

b) Mice expressing endogenous DNA

c) Nude mice

d) DNA fragments successfully incorporated

19. Immunoelectrophoesis involves two steps in series:

a) Electrophoretic separation followed by immunodifussion

b) Precipitation followed by protein separation

c) Immunodiffusion followed by electrophoretic separation

d) Electrophoretic separation followed by agglutination

20. The following are examples of fluorochromes used in FACS except

a) Horse-radish peroxidase

b) FITC

c) PE

d) PERCP

SECTION B - ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

21. Describe the coombs tests. (6 marks)

22. Outline the procedure used in affinity chromatography for isolation of pure antibodies.(6 marks)

23. Describe how you would isolate the peripheral blood mononuclear cells

from whole blood. (6 marks)

24. Briefly explain three major clinical applications of ELISA. (6 marks)

25. Outline the procedure used in MHC class I HLA typing. (6 marks)

SECTION C – ANSWER ONLY ONE QUESTION

26. Write an essay of the lymphocyte stimulation assay. (20 marks)

27. Describe the main steps and working principles of flow cytometry. (20 marks)

28. Outline the procedures used in direct ELISA, indirect ELISA and competitive
ELISA methods. (20 marks)

Mls 2210: Immunological Techniques Question Paper

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