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Heh 106 Laboratory Methods For Environmental Health Question Paper

Heh 106 Laboratory Methods For Environmental Health

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Environmental Health

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2012

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2011/2012
INSTITUTIONAL BASED PROGRAMME (DECEMBER SESSION)
EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
(ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH)
HEH 106:
LABORATORY METHODS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

===============================================================
TIME: 4.30 P.M. – 6.30 P.M.

INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION 1 (20 MARKS)
Answer ALL Questions

1.
a)
State 4 criteria of a good solvent

(2 marks)

b)
Give 2 examples of buffering agents in nature

(2 marks)

c)
State the advantages and disadvantages of impactor samplers
(3 marks)

d)
Define the following terms as used in chromatography

(3 marks)

i)
Bonded phase

ii)
Chromatogram

iii)
Retention time

e)
Explain the following terms as used in the laboratory

(5 marks)
i)
Chemical hazard

ii)
Biological hazard
iii)
Chemical waste
iv)
Radiological hazard
v)
Medical waste / sharp

Page 1 of 3

f)
Explain the use of the following tools and equipments in lab methods

(5 marks)

i)
volumetric flask

ii)
pipet
iii)
stirring rod
iv)
utility clamp
v)
wire gauze

SECTION II
This has two parts. Answer all questions in part 1, and any 2 in part II
PART I (20 MARKS)
2.
a)
Discuss various aspects of laboratory safety with special emphasis on

i)
Dress code

(4 marks)

ii)
Fire and cautions to fire

(3 marks)

iii)
Chemical substances and Large chemical spills

(3 marks)

b)
With the aid of an illustration explain the following type of errors how they
occur and how they can be minimized
i)
Random Errors

(5 marks)
ii)
systematic Errors

(5 marks)

PART II (30 MARKS)
3.
a)
As an environmental health officer in charge of the environmental health
laboratory how would you explain the following guidelines to chemical
storage and handling to students visiting your lab.

(10 marks)
i)
chemical handling
ii)
shelves
iii)
incompatible chemicals
iv)
excessive storage
v)
fume hoods

b)
Explain 5 examples of pH application in nature

(5 marks)
Page 2 of 3

4.
a)
An environmental health student on attachment at a water treatment plant was
given the following data set on concentrations of fluoride in water in mg/1.
106, 105, 107, 108, 106, 105, 107, 108, 109, 103, 102, 106, 105, 103,
106, 104, 105, 105, 105, and 106. Calculate its mean, mode, median, range
and standard deviation.

(10 marks)

b)
Describe the process of cleaning laboratory glassware.

(5 marks)

5.
a)
Discuss the following sampling methods giving their advantages and
disadvantages

i)
Quota sampling

(3 marks)

ii)
Cluster sampling

(3 marks)

iii)
Simple random sampling

(4 marks)

b)
Define the term gravimetric analysis and state its advantages and
disadvantages.

(5 marks)

Page 3 of 3

Heh 106 Laboratory Methods For Environmental Health Question Paper

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