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Heh200 Principles Of Epidemology Question Paper

Heh200 Principles Of Epidemology

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Environmental Health

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2012

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2011/2012
INSTITUTIONAL BASED PROGRAMME (DECEMBER SESSION)
EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
(ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH)
HEH 200:
PRINCIPLES OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
===============================================================
DATE:
WEDNESDAY 2ND MAY 2012

TIME: 2.00 P.M. – 4.00 P.M.

INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION A: Answer ALL questions (25 marks)

1.
Giving examples, define each of the following:

a)
Incidence rate

(2 marks)

b)
Prevalence rate

(2 marks)

c)
Case fatality rate

(2 marks)

d)
Mortality rate

(2 marks)

2.
Explain the differences between epidemic , pandemic and endemic diseases.

(3 marks)

3.
Citing relevant examples, explain 4 (four) health indicators and health indicators of a
community.

(4 marks)

4.
Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using crude rates in epidemiology
(6 marks)
5.
List the criteria / conditions that must be certified for an agent to be said to cause a
disease.

(4 marks)

Page 1 of 2

SECTION B: Answer any THREE Questions ( 45 marks)

1.
Giving relevant examples, discuss the factors influencing the prevalence of a disease
in the community.

(15 marks)

2.
Several weeks ago, a traffic accident in a small rural town involving a tanker lorry
containing chemical waste led to the spillage of a large quantity of noxious chemicals.
A plume of gas hung over the town for several hours. Since the accident, the local
haematologist has reported an apparent increase in bleeding disorders in local
residents. Describe how you would investigate the relationship between the event
and reported health problems.

(15 marks)

3.
A local community of 20,000 residents report adolescent problem behaviours. These
include drug abuse, youth crime, and school failure. Discuss the factors that
predispose to this in Kenya, what agencies can be brought together to form an action
plan to reduce adolescence morbidity related to problem behaviours?
(15 marks)

4.
a)
Discuss the relationship between chronic diseases and prevalence. (4 marks)
b)
Differentiate between experimental and non experimental study designs in
epidemiology.

(6 marks)

c)
Outline any 5 sources of morbidity and mortality data.

(5 marks)

5.
Population screening is the application of rapid tests to populations to sort out those
who probably have disease from those who don’t have
a)
Outline any 7 characteristics of a good screening test.

(7 marks)
b)
Using the screening matrix as a basis, show how one can determine the total
number of people with disease and those without in a disease.
(8 marks)

6.
The person-place-time model is used in epidemiology to describe disease occurrence.
Using relevant examples, discuss five characteristics of the person as a variable in
disease occurrence.

(15 marks)

Page 2 of 2

Heh200 Principles Of Epidemology Question Paper

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