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Dhsc 103:Nutrition And Health Question Paper
Dhsc 103:Nutrition And Health
Course:Diploma In Clinic Medicine
Institution: Kenya Methodist University question papers
Exam Year:2013
KENYA METHODIST UNIVERSITY
END OF 1''ST ''TRIMESTER 2013 EXAMINATION
SCHOOL : MEDICINE & HEALTH SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT : CLINICAL MEDICINE
UNIT CODE : DHSC 103
UNIT TITLE : NUTRITION AND HEALTH
TIME : 3 HOURS
Question One
Give reasons and examples why people make the food choices they do. (6 marks)
Question Two
What is a nutrient?
(2 Marks)
Name the six classes of nutrients found in foods.
(6 marks)
Question Three
Briefly describe the four methods used to detect energy and nutrients deficiencies and excesses. (8 Marks)
Question Four
Name the diet planning principles and briefly describe how each principle helps in diet planning. (8 Marks)
Question Five
Outline the nutritional risks factors for poor pregnancy outcome. (6 marks)
Question Six
Briefly explain the criteria for management of acute malnutrition in children. (8 marks)
Question Seven
Outline the symptoms of a deficiency of vitamin A. (6 Marks)
Question Eight
Give the world health organization criteria for classifying obesity. (6 marks)
Question Nine
Write short notes on vitamin B1 deficiency. (6 Marks)
Question Ten
What information must a food label show? (6 Marks)
SECTION B (MCQs)
Indicate True (T) or False (F)
There will be a minus mark for every wrong response
Question One
Lactose intolerance
Constipation is a common symptom
Associated with the ingestion of lactose containing foods by persons with high lactose activity
May be found in adults, particularly in association with celiac disease and tropical sprue
Flatulence is common
Question Two
Concerning signs of nutritional deficiency
Bleeding and spongy gums is associated with Riboflavin, niacin flolic acid deficiency
Sparse and thin hair is not associated with protein zinc, biotin deficiency
Night blindness, exophthalmia is a sign vitamin A deficiency
Goiter is a reliable sign of iron deficiency
Question Three
Anthropometric methods of nutritional deficiency
Anthropometry is the measurement of body height only
It is not an essential component of clinical examination of pregnant women
It is not used to evaluate over nutrition
Does not differentiate between acute and chronic changes
Question Four
Concerning the body mass index (BMI)
Is the international standard for assessing body size in children
Evidence shows that high BMI (obesity level) is associated with type 1 diabetes
BMI is computed using the following formula :
BMI= weight (kg)/height (m2)
Grade 2 obesity is when there is BMI of 18 – 24
Question Five
Infections of severely malnourished children
PEM patients are immunosuppressed.
Poor weight gain persistent edema is common
Age of less than 6 months is a risk factor
Gram positive enteric bacteria are common
Question Six
Infancy energy requirements
Energy requirements are 2% higher in premature infants
Energy infants require 100- 105 Kcal/kg/d if breastfed
Growth rates are most rapid in the first six weeks of human life
Primary sources of CHO in newborn and infant diet are monosacchrides
Question Seven
Water
Constitutes 20 -25% of the total body mass
Daily water loss from insensible accounts for two litres
The average daily water intake from foods is about 1.0l
Does not provide structure and form to the body
Question Eight
Iron
Daily requirements for pregnant and lactating mother is 8 to 10 mg
Absorption of iron is enhanced in the presence of vitamin E
May infants beyond 6 months of age need more iron than is available in breast mild and common weaning food
Infants with low birth weight have less iron stores
Question Nine
Iodine
Iodine is absorbed in the form of iodide
Iodine is an essential component of thyroxin
Iodine deficiency disorder can be eliminated by the daily consumption of iodized salt
Universal salt iodization can lead to an increase of average intelligence of the entire school age population
Question Ten
Selenium deficiency disease
Human deficiency is common in Kenya
Keshan disease is associated with selenium deficiency
Endemic cardiomyopathy and muscle weakness is common
Low intakes of Se are associated with higher risk of prostate cancer
Question Eleven
Nutritional marasmus
There is a failure to thrive
Many infants are hungry, but some anorexic
Irritability, restlessness and diarrhea are frequent
The weight is much higher for the standard for age
Question Twelve
Deficiency of vitamin B2 characterized by
Angular stomatits with fissuring at the angle of the month
Cheilosis (red shiny lips)
Glossitis
Demential
Question Thirteen
Vitamin C
Stimulates the production of white blood cells
Skin abnormalities such as adult acne may be the late sign of scurvy
Gum bleeding is common
Bones are not affected
Question Fourteen
Obesity
Is generalized, excessive accumulation of fat in subcutaneous and other tissues
Appears most frequently in the 1st year, 5-6 years and adolescence
Genetic constitution is not a possibility
Genu valgum is uncommon
Question Fifteen
Cabalamine (vitamin B12)
In deficiency stage, tongue smooth, red and painful is common
Deficiency not commonly seen in kwashiorkor or marasmus
Serum LDH activity markedly decreased
Schilling testis is not useful in assessment of absorption of vitamin B12
Question Sixteen
Lipids
Fatty acids are usually ingested as triglycerides
The digestion products of triglycerides are absorbed primarily as free fatty acids
Free glycerol and the diglycerides once absorbed are reformed into triglycerides and packaged into HDL
High density lipoprotein or HDL collects cholesterol, glycerol and fatty acids.
Question Seventeen
The energy requirements of individuals depend on
Physical activities
Body size and composition
Age
Sex
Question Eighteen
Types of carbohydrates
Maltose
Glucose
Fructose
Mannose
Question Nineteen
Minerals
Are organic elements occurring in nature
Are never found in fluids and soft tissues
Some minerals may act as catalysts in the enzyme system
Sodium and potassium are the most important factors in the osmotic control of water metabolism
Question Twenty
Under normal conditions during pregnancy
The mother’s weight increases by 20 per cent during pregnancy
Uterus and breasts increase by 1300 gms
Blood 1250 gms
Water 1200 gms
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