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Immunology Question Paper

Immunology

Course:Bachelor Of Science In Biochemistry

Institution: Egerton University question papers

Exam Year:2007

EGERTON UNIVERSITY
DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BIOCHEMISTRY
FIRST SEMESTER 2006/2007 ACADEMIC YEAR
BIOC 400: IMMUNOLOGY
Instructions: ANSWER ANY FOUR QUESTIONS

1. (i) What do you understand by the term: cell-mediated immune response? Outline how this is achieved, pointing out clearly the role of the effector cells. [20 marks]

(ii) Explain briefly, Enzyme-linked immunosorbert assay in the detection of antibody in an animal's serum. [5 marks]

2. (a) Explain the role played by the following in a mammalian immune system:

(i) Mast cell [4 marks]

(ii) Macrophages [4 marks]

(iii) Inflammation [4 marks]

(iv) Secondary Lymphoid Organs [4 marks]

(v) Immunoglobulin M [4 marks]

(b) Describe the importnace of antigen processiong and presentation during an immune response. [5 marks]

3. (i) Discuss the basis for the human ABO blood groups system. What blood group type would you recommend incase of extreme emergency when cross matching is not possible? [20 marks]

(ii) Give an outline of how a mammalian animal may possess adaptive immunity against an infectious agent? [5 marks]

4. Discuss in detail how clonal selection heory explains the following:

(i) Primary and secondary antibody responses

(ii) The specificity of the immune response and

(iii) Immunological tolerance to self-antigens.

5. (a) Explain the principle associated with the following antigen-antibody reactions in the diagnosis of diseases:

(i) Virus netralization test [5 marks]

(ii) Agar gel double immunodiffusion precipitation tests [5 marks]

(iii) Indirect hemmagglutination tests [5 marks]

(iv) Fluorescent antibody test [5 marks]

(b) Enumerate the advantages of using monoclonal antibodies compared to polyclonal antisera. [5 marks]

Immunology Question Paper

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