Pathophysiology (Hsci 202) Question Paper
Pathophysiology (Hsci 202)
Course:Nursing Sciences
Institution: Kenya Methodist University question papers
Exam Year:2011
TIME : 3HOURS
Instructions:
SECTION I: Answer all question, only one answer is correct (1 mark each)
Question one
Which of the following has a cheesy, yellow – white appearance at the area of necrosis and is encountered most often in foci of tuberculosis infection?
Coagulative necrosis
Liquefactive necrosis
Caseous necrosis
Fat necrosis
Question Two
In acute inflammation, resolution is associated with all the following except
Clearance of injurious stimuli
Angiogenesis
Clearance of mediators and acute inflammatory cells
Normal function
Question Three
Which of the following is NOT a systemic effect of inflammation?
Decreased pulse and blood pressure
Leukocytosis
Fever
Cytokine release (lL – l and TNF)
Question Four
In congestive heart failure of the left ventricle, edema will develop in the _________ system. In right sided heart failure, edema will develop in the ___________ system
Circulatory; pulmonary
Pulmonary; circulatory
Circulatory; hepatic
Hepatic; circulatory
Question Five
Which of the following is not considered a high risk secondary (acquired) cause of thrombosis
Prolonged bed rest
Cancer
Smoking
Prosthetic cardiac valves
Question Six
A 55 year old man walks into a clinic complaining of dyspnea and constant fatigue. He also has a non productive cough that is episodic but denies asthma attacks. On examination he has a "barrel chest". He is a chronic smoker for over 30 years. Blood gas analysis shows hypoxemia that is mild and normal carbon dioxide. Which of the following underlying pathogenic mechanisms is responsible?
Airway obstruction
Loss of elastic recoil
Bronchospasm
Interstitial infiltration
Question Seven
The cardinal signs of parkin son’s disease are;
Hemiplegic, drooling and tremor
Tremor, rigidity, akinesia and postural instability
Rigidity, aphasia, oculogynic crisis
Hallucinations, hemiplegia and ataxia
Question Eight
Type one diabetes mellitus is associated with all the following except
Poly dypsia
Weight gain
Polyphagia
Polyoria
Question Nine
Which of the following organs is LEAST likely to be affected by shock
Spleen
Brain
Kidneys
Heart
Question Ten
Which of the following is not a cardinal sign of infection
Rubor
Calor
Tumor
Amaurosis fugax
Question Eleven
Which of the following tissues would be found lining the majority of the digestive tract
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Question Twelve
Infection form which of the following is associated with hyperplasia
Papillomarvirus
Staphylococci
Hookworms
Enterobacteria
Question Thirteen
Which of the following is commonly known as ascites
Hidroperitoneum
Hydrothorax
Hydrosalapinx
Hydropericardium
Question Fourteen
The following are causes of hemorrhagic cerebral vascular accident EXCEPT
Ruptured sacular aneurysm
Hypertension
Cerebral artery occlusion
Ruptured arteviovenous malformation
Question Fifteen
About menstrual disorders, menstrual cycles of less than 21 days also know as
Dysmenorrhea
Amenorrhea
Oligomenorrhea
Polymenorrhea
Question Sixteen
The following are lower urinary tract infections EXCEPT
Cystitis
Acute pyelonephrities
Urethritis
Prostatitis
Question Seventeen
Multiple myeloma is associated with the following clinical features except
Hypercalcemia
Bone pain
Anemia
Hypoglycemia
Question Eighteen
The following is associated with massive shifts of the mediastinum away form affected lung
Tension pheumothorax
Open pheumothorax
Closed pheumothorax
Spontaneous pheumothorax
Question Nineteen
The following statement is true about rheumatoid arthritis
Systemic disease with exacerbations and remissions
Localized disease with variable progressive course
Affects weight bearing joints
Affects individual above 40years of age
Question Twenty
Diabetic Ketoacidosis exists when there is all the following EXCEPT
Hyperglycemia
Ketonuria/ketonemia
Glucosunia
Alkalosis
SECTION II: Answer all questions (40mks)
Question Twenty One
Describe the pathophysiology of the following conditions (4mks each)
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Type one diabetes mellitus
Acute renal failure
Congestive heart failure
Obstructive jaundice
Question Twenty Two
With reference to acid base balances discuss the role of
Chemical buffer system (give three examples)
(12mks)
Physiology buffers (give two examples)
(8mks)
SECTION III: Answer all questions (40mks)
Question Twenty Three
Discuss shock under the following subheadings
Definition
(1mk)
Classification
(10mks)
Associated clinical features (signs and symptoms)
(4mks)
Management
(5mks)
Question Twenty Four
Regarding obstructive airway disease discuss the following under the indicated subheadings
Asthma
Definition
(1mk)
Classification
(2mks)
Pathophysiology
(3mks)
Clinical presentation
(2mks)
Management
(2mks)
Chronic bronchitis
Definition
(1mk)
Pathophysiology
(4mks)
Clinical features
(3mks)
Management
(2mks)
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