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Introduction To Logic Question Paper
Introduction To Logic
Course:Bachelor Of Arts In Philosophy
Institution: Kenyatta University question papers
Exam Year:2008
KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2007/2008
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF ARTS
APH 101: INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC
DATE: THURSDAY, 12TH JUNE 2008 TIME: 2.00 P.M. ? 4.00 P.M.
INSTRUCTIONS:
Answer any THREE questions but AT LEAST ONE from each Section
Section A:
Q1.
Clearly distinguish the following:
(a)
Deductive and inductive arguments
(b)
Soundness and validity
(c)
Formal and informal fallacies
(d)
Arguments and statements
Q2.
Obvert the following propositions, then contrapose the obverses and determine the validity of the resulting argument.
(a)
All astronomers are scientists
(b)
Some animals are non-vicious
(c)
No non-saints are non-criminals
(d)
Some things that fly are not birds
(e)
All non-weeds are non-plants
Q3.
Use the venn diagrams to prove the validity of the following arguments. In case of invalidity, identify the formal fallacy committed.
(a)
All birds are animals, no bats are birds. So, no bats are animals.
(b)
No dealthy ill people are hypochondriacs. All hypochondriacs are dysfunctional people. Accordingly, some deathly ill people are dysfunctional people.
(c)
All frogs are amphibians, some frogs are not four-footed. Therefore, all amphibians are four-footed.
(d)
Some animals are mammals, all dogs are mammals. Therefore, some animals are dogs.
Section B:
Q5.
(a)
Use the following key to symbolize the sets of propositions below
S: Space is infinitely divisible
Z: Zeno?s paradoxes are compelling
C: Zeno?s paradoxes are convincing
(i)
If space is infinitely divisible then Zeno?s paradoxes are convincing; Neither are Zeno?s paradoxes convincing nor compelling; space still remains infinitely divisible.
(ii)
Either space is infinitely divisible and Zeno?s paradoxes are compelling, or Zeno?s paradoxes are convincing only if they are compelling; Space is finitely divisible although Zeno?s paradoxes are uncompelling.
(iii)
Space?s being infinitely divisible is a sufficient condition for Zeno?s paradoxes being convincing; Zeno?s paradoxes being compelling is a necessary condition for space?s being infinitely divisible; Zeno?s paradoxes being convincing is a necessary and sufficient condition for space?s being infinitely divisible.
(a)
Use truth-tables to determine the consistency of the above sets of propositions.
Q6.
Provide keys of your own choice and symbolize the following propositions.
(a)
Argentina?s mobilizing is a sufficient condition for Brazil to protest to the UN.
(b)
Provided that yesterday was Wednesday, today is Thursday.
(c)
While Mombasa is a nice place to visit, I wouldn?t want to live in there.
(d)
During the 2007 general elections, Raphael Tuju ran on either PNU ticket or NARC-Kenya ticket.
(e)
If either Mary and James wins, then both Jane and Keneth lose.
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