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Diagnostic Virology Question Paper

Diagnostic Virology

Course:Bachelor Of Science

Institution: Kenyatta University question papers

Exam Year:2009

KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2009/2010
FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF
SCIENCE

HML 309:
DIAGNOSTIC VIROLOGY

DATE: Tuesday, 29th December, 2009

TIME: 11.00 a.m. – 1.00 p.m.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INSTRUCTIONS:
SECTION A
Answer ALL questions
(5 marks each)
1.
Explain five mechanisms of virus transmission (5 marks)

2.
Define the following terms:-
a)
Specificity
b)
A primer
c)
Virion
d)
Cytopathic effect
e)
Latent infection
(5 marks)

3.
Outline five ways of preventing transmission of viral infections (5 marks)

SECTION B
Answer only ONE question from this Section. (20 marks each)
4.
Describe four direct methods used in viral diagnosis (20 marks)

5.
You have been asked to set up a district virology laboratory. But before you set up the laboratory, what factors will you consider to ensure viability of the project (20 marks)

SECTION C (MCQs,
15 marks)
INSTRUCTIONS:
Answer ALL questions.
(30 MCQs, ½ marks each)
-¼ for wrong answers
Please circle the correct answer
1.
Which one of the following statements is not true about viral infections?
a)
Virus infections are all life threatening
b)
A number of viruses cause similar symptoms
c)
Virus infection may cause immunosuppression of the host
d)
Some viruses require other viruses for their replication

2.
Which one of the following viruses is not oncogenic?
a)
Adenoviruses
b)
HSV-2
c)
HCV
d)
EBV

3.
Laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection is usually made by which of the following
a)
Biochemical tests
b)
Growth of virus in chicken embryo
c)
Detection of antigen and antibodies
d)
Light microscopy

4.
Which of the following is the cause of smallpox?
a)
Varicella zoster
b)
Variola virus
c)
Vaccinia virus
d)
None of the above

5.
Viral infections of the eye include the following except
a)
Adenoviruses
b)
Herpes simplex viruses
c)
Varicella zoster virus
d)
Respiratory syncytial virus

6.
For proper diagnosis of viral infections, the following factors must be considered
except
a)
Proper site selection
b)
Collection method
c)
Transport
d)
Processing
e)
Cost of the assay

7.
Viruses can be disinfected by
a)
hydrogen peroxide
b)
potassium permanganate
c)
Hypochlorite
d)
All of the above

8.
Serological diagnostic test is used to detect for the presence of the following
molecules except
a)
IgG
b)
IgM
c)
Antigen
d)
Antibodies

9.
Direct viral diagnostic technique include all of the following except
a)
Antigen detection
b)
Antibodies
c)
Light microscopy
d)
Viral genome detection
e)
Electron microscopy

10.
Which statement is true about diagnostic techniques in general?
a)
Low sensitivity
b)
High predicative values
c)
Low specificity
d)
May give a false positive or negative result
e)
None of the above

11.
Which statement among the following is true about viral genomes?
a)
Contain both DNA molecule and RNA molecule
b)
Contain Reverse transcriptase and RNA molecule
c)
Contain only DNA
d)
Contain single stranded DNA or RNA molecule
e)
None of the above

12.
Which one of the following techniques below is not a virus quantification assay?
a)
PCR
b)
NASBA
c)
bDNA
d)
Hybridization
e)
DFA

13.
What does the result “undetectable” mean in viral load assay?
a)
The patient is uninfected
b)
The test is not valid
c)
The patient is infected but in a symptomatic phase
d)
There is not enough virus for the test to find and count
e)
None of the above

14.
viral load testing may be helpful in
a)
Diagnosis
b)
Medical research
c)
Prognosis
d)
Prevention
e)
All of above

15.
The following are cell culture types except
a)
Semi-continuous
b)
Primary
c)
Continuous
d)
Haemagglutination

16.
Which one of the following infections or diseases may cause an outbreak
a)
Influenza
b)
Measles
c)
Hepatitis B virus
d)
Chickenpox
e)
All of the above

17.
Which of the following factors is not an essential consideration when designing a
laboratory?
a)
Personnel training and qualification
b)
Available space
c)
Cost of equipment and reagents
d)
Endemic viral infections

18.
Sensitivity of a test may be defined as
a)
Absence of a disease when it is present
b)
Presence of a disease when it is not present
c)
The total number of true positives to the total number of true positives
plus false negatives expressed in a percentage
d)
The total number of true negatives to the total number of true negatives
plus false positives expressed in a percentage

19.
Which of the following statement is true
a)
In virus isolation methods, primary cell cultures are sub-cultured
indefinitely
b)
Cythopathic effect may be observed due to the swelling of cultured cells
c)
All viruses contain lipids
d)
Only RNA viruses contain reverse transcriptase enzyme

20.
What is a primer?
a)
A short DNA sequence
b)
A short RNA sequence
c)
A short sequence of oligonucleotides
d)
A promoter sequence

Diagnostic Virology Question Paper

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