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the afferent arterioles, which is a branch of the renal artery, supplies blood to the glomerulus
the afferent arteriole has a wider diameter than the efferent arteriole
this difference in diameter of afferent and efferent vessels causes high pressure leading to ultra filtration
the walls of the blood capillaries are one cell thick hence glucose, amino acids, vitamins,
hormones, salts, cratinine, urea and water filter into Bowman’s capsule to form glomerular filtrate
white blood cells, red blood cells, plasma proteins (such as globulin) and platelets are too large to pass through the capillary walls hence remain in blood capillary
the filtrate flows into proximal convoluted tubule where amino acids, vitamins and all glucose are selectively reabsorbed back into the blood stream
many mitochondria provide energy for reabsorption of these substances against a concentration gradient by active transport
the glomerular filtrate ?ows into the loop of Henle
water in the descending loop moves by osmosis into the blood capillaries
sodium chloride is actively pumped from the ascending arm of the loop of Henle into the blood capillaries
the glomerular filatrate ?ows into the distal convoluted tubule
water and salts are reabsorbed from distal convoluted tubule into blood capillaries
the glomerular filtrate ?ows into collecting tubule (duct) from where more Water is reabsorbed into blood stream
antiduretic hormone in?uences the amount of Water reabsorbed depending on osmotic pressure of blood
the glomerular filtrate from collecting duct, now referred to as urine, is emptied into pelvis and ureter into bladder and out of body through urethra
urine consists of excess water, slats and nitrogenous wastes
Mohaissack answered the question on October 5, 2017 at 14:21
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