Describe how the human kidney functions

      

Describe how the human kidney functions

  

Answers


Isacko
the afferent arterioles, which is a branch of the renal artery, supplies blood to the glomerulus

the afferent arteriole has a wider diameter than the efferent arteriole

this difference in diameter of afferent and efferent vessels causes high pressure leading to ultra filtration

the walls of the blood capillaries are one cell thick hence glucose, amino acids, vitamins,

hormones, salts, cratinine, urea and water filter into Bowman’s capsule to form glomerular filtrate

white blood cells, red blood cells, plasma proteins (such as globulin) and platelets are too large to pass through the capillary walls hence remain in blood capillary

the filtrate flows into proximal convoluted tubule where amino acids, vitamins and all glucose are selectively reabsorbed back into the blood stream

many mitochondria provide energy for reabsorption of these substances against a concentration gradient by active transport

the glomerular filtrate ?ows into the loop of Henle

water in the descending loop moves by osmosis into the blood capillaries

sodium chloride is actively pumped from the ascending arm of the loop of Henle into the blood capillaries

the glomerular filatrate ?ows into the distal convoluted tubule

water and salts are reabsorbed from distal convoluted tubule into blood capillaries

the glomerular filtrate ?ows into collecting tubule (duct) from where more Water is reabsorbed into blood stream

antiduretic hormone in?uences the amount of Water reabsorbed depending on osmotic pressure of blood

the glomerular filtrate from collecting duct, now referred to as urine, is emptied into pelvis and ureter into bladder and out of body through urethra

urine consists of excess water, slats and nitrogenous wastes
Mohaissack answered the question on October 5, 2017 at 14:21


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