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Afforestation and reforestation
Trees restore soil fertility, control soil erosion and improve the climatic conditions. The shade from the trees together with the reduced speed of wind help to retain the humidity in air. Reduced ground temperatures favour the retention of soil moisture.
Bush fallowing.
Bush fallowing involves cultivating a field for a period of two to three years after which it is left fallow while the farmer moves to another piece of land. During the fallow period, the soil is able to recover its fertility because the wild vegetation growing on it adds to the humus content in the soil.
Manuring
When a piece of land has been cultivated for several years, the soil nutrients are depleted. To maintain high yields, soil fertility needs to be restored. This is done through constant application of animal or vegetation manure. Chemical fertilizers can also be directly added into the soil to improve its fertility
Building gabions
Gabions are constructed on slopes or across gullies to trap the soil being carried downslope by running water. Gabions encourage vegetation growth on the trapped soil hence making them more effective in soil erosion.
Drainage trenches
Flooded areas can be rehabilitated by digging trenches to drain off the excess water. The land can be used for growing crops and keeping animals.
-Irrigation of arid and semi-arid areas
-Drainage of swamps and marshes
-Tse-tse fly control
-Introduction of drought resistance crops
-Control of soil erosion
Githiari answered the question on October 25, 2017 at 13:23
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