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The root hairs are in close contact with the soil particles. The cell sap of the root hair cell is more concentrated than that of the surrounding soil particles due to the presence of dissolved salts. Water therefore moves from the soil into the root hair cell through osmosis.
As more water is continuously absorbed into the root hair cell, its concentration falls and becomes lower than that of the surrounding root cells. Water therefore moves from one cell to another through osmosis into the cortical cells. Through the process of active transport, water eventually reaches the vascular bundles of the roots.
The xylem cells then conduct water from the root to the vascular bundles of the stem. Once in the stem, water moves up aided by the following forces:capillarity,cohesive and adhesive forces, transpiration pull. Eventually water reaches the leaf.
Once in the spongy mesophyll cells of the leaves, the water is lost through transpiration. This makes the mesophyll cells to be more concentrated, therefore it absorbs water from the vascular bundles of the leaf. This creates a suction force referred to as transpiration pull, that absorbs water from the stem and the root vascular bundles in a continuous process.
Chiry answered the question on November 10, 2017 at 10:50
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