Urine formation is the process that takes place in the kidney. The kidney receives blood from the renal artery. The renal artery branches into afferent arteriole that enters the glomerus. At the glomerulus, ultrafiltration occurs. In this process, the fluid part of blood (dissolved nutrients, some blood proteins,water,amino acids, urea) is forced out into the Bowman's capsule. The molecules which are large in size are not forced out; these include blood cells and blood proteins. The ultrafiltration is achieved due to pressure exerted at the glomerulus due to the afferent being wider than efferent.
The fluid that is forced out becomes glomerulus filtrate which flows down the nephron as reabsorption of useful nutrients occurs at different parts of the kidney.
At the Proximal convoluted tubule, glucose, some amount of water, amino acids and some vitamins are reabsorbed to the bloodstream.
At the Loop of Henle, mineral salts and ions usually sodium ions are reabsorbed by the help of Aldosterone hormone.The amount of sodium ions absorbed depends on the current need of the body. At the distal convoluted tubule,some amount of water is reabsorbed depending on the current need of the body. Of the osmotic pressure of blood is high (less water in the blood), more Antiduretic hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland. Antiduretic hormone increases permeability of the kidney tubules hence more water is reabsorbed leading to less concentrated urine. When blood osmotic pressure is low, less antiduretic hormone is secreted,permeability of kidney tubules decreases hence more amount and less concentrated urine is secreted.
After distal convoluted tubule, the excess water,some amount of salts and Urea from other nephrons collects at the collecting tubule, and then moved to the urinary bladder for temporary storage through the Ureter.
Biokenya answered the question on December 5, 2017 at 18:50
- State the properties of monosaccharides(Solved)
State the properties of monosaccharides
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates. Name some of its examples
(Solved)
Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates. Name some of its examples
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- In an experiment to investigate the factors that are necessary for the process of photosynthesis, a variegated leaf and a green leaf were used.Which factor...(Solved)
In an experiment to investigate the factors that are necessary for the process of photosynthesis, a variegated leaf and a green leaf were used.
Which factor was being investigated?
What is a variegated leaf?
Why was a variegated leaf used?
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- In an experiment to investigate factors necessary for the process of photosynthesis, the leaf was covered with a light proof material. The plant was then...(Solved)
In an experiment to investigate factors necessary for the process of photosynthesis, the leaf was covered with a light proof material. The plant was then placed in the dark for 48 hours. The plant was transferred to light for 3 hours.
Identify the factor that was being investigated.
Why was the plant placed in the dark for 48 hours?
Why was the leaf covered with light proof material?
Why was the plant transferred to light for 3 hours?
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- Name three factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis(Solved)
Name three factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- During a practical lesson to investigate the presence of starch in a leaf, the following steps were followed: The leaf was exposed to sunlight for...(Solved)
During a practical lesson to investigate the presence of starch in a leaf, the following steps were followed:
The leaf was exposed to sunlight for sometime
The leaf was dipped in boiling it
The leaf was then boiled in methylated spirit
The leaf is finally dipped in warm water
What is the importance of these steps?
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- Name the three products of the dark stage of photosynthesis.(Solved)
Name the three products of the dark stage of photosynthesis.
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- Name the substance that is responsible for nerve impulse transmission at the synapse(Solved)
Name the substance responsible for nerve impulse transmission across the synapse
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- Outline distinguishing characteristics of enzymes not found in other inorganic catalysts(Solved)
Outline characteristics of enzymes not found in other inorganic catalysts.
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- Describe the adaptations of the leaf to photosynthesis(Solved)
Describe adaptations of the leaf to its functions
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- The process of photosynthesis occurs in two stages. Name them.(Solved)
The process of photosynthesis occurs in two stages. Name them.
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- The leaf is the site for photosythesis. Explain 4 ways in which the leaf is adapted to its function (Solved)
The leaf is the site for photosythesis. Explain 4 ways in which the leaf is adapted to its function
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- Give the functions of the leaf veins. (Solved)
Give the functions of the leaf veins.
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- Cuticle is the outer covering of animal leaf. Name 4 functions of the cuticle.(Solved)
Cuticle is the outer covering of animal leaf. Name 4 functions of the cuticle.
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- Differentiate between chemosynthesis and photosynthesis(Solved)
Differentiate between chemosynthesis and photosynthesis
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- (i) Define the term nutrition (ii) State and explain the two modes of nutrition (Solved)
(i) Define the term nutrition
(ii) State and explain the two modes of nutrition
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- One of the roles of osmosis in plants is support. Explain. (Solved)
One of the roles of osmosis in plants is support. Explain.
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- Differentiate between plasmolysis and deplasmolysis.(Solved)
Differentiate between plasmolysis and deplasmolysis.
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- During a biology lesson, a group of students were investigating water relation in plants. They placed a plant cell in a hypertonic solution. Explain what...(Solved)
During a biology lesson, a group of students were investigating water relation in plants. They placed a plant cell in a hypertonic solution. Explain what happens.
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)
- A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. Explain what happens. (Solved)
A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. Explain what happens.
Date posted: December 5, 2017. Answers (1)