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Explain the following terms, giving examples in each case 1)Constructs 2)Concepts 3)Variables 4)Statistics and a parameter

      

Explain the following terms, giving examples in each case
1)Constructs
2)Concepts
3)Variables
4)Statistics and a parameter

  

Answers


johnson
Constructs

The particular way in which an individual expresses meaning about a concept.
When a concept is deliberately and consciously invented or adopted for a special scientific purpose, it becomes a construct
A construct is a psychological quality which we assume exists in individuals and helps us to explain aspects of their behaviour (Ogula, 1998)
Example : intelligent, lazy, hand working etc

Concepts
A concept is as an abstraction formed from the observation of certain behaviours.
An abstraction formed by generalization from particulars (Kerlinger, 1993)
Concepts provide a common language which enables scientists to communicate with one another
Concepts give scientists a perspective a way of looking at phenomena
They allow them to classify their experiences and generalize from them
They are components of theories they define a theorys content and attributes.

Variables
A concept which can take on different quantitative values is called a variable.
One of the most important concepts in research is the concept of variables. A variable stands for variation within a class of objects that the researcher manipulates, controls, or observe
A variable is a measurable characteristic which assumes different characteristics among the subjects (Fraenkel and Wallen ,2000),

Statistics and a parameter

A statistic is a characteristic of a sample, whereas a parameter is a characteristic of a population. Thus, when we work out certain measures such as mean, median, mode or the like ones from samples, then they are called statistic(s) for they describe the characteristics of a sample. But when such measures describe the characteristics of a population, they are known as parameter(s). For instance, the population mean (m) is a parameter, whereas the sample mean (X) is a statistic. To obtain the estimate of a parameter from a statistic constitutes the prime objective of sampling analysis.
johnson mwenjera answered the question on December 13, 2017 at 09:54


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