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(i) A crater
? Eruption of lava through a central vent causes building up of a cone. The
lava in the vent cools and contracts. The cool lava withdraws into the vent
leaving a shallow depression of the cone. Gas explosions may blow away
surface rocks causing a crater. Examples include Mt Longonot, Mt
Menengai, Mt Suswa or Mt Marsabit
(ii) A geyser
? Rainwater percolates down through cracks in the rocks. The water gets into
contact with hot igneous rocks. The water is super heated and gases/steam
form. Pressure builds up in the cracks. The pressure causes steam and
water to be ejected explosively as jet to the surface intermittently. The water
and steam are emitted intermittently as pressure level changes. Example – Lake Bogoria
(iii) A lava plateau
? It is formed when magma reaches the surface of the earth through a series
of vents/fissures. The lava is extremely fluid/ultra-basic. The lava spreads
evenly over a large area .The lava cools slowly and solidifies. Examples - Yatta plateau, Uasin Gishu plateau and Laikipia plateau
gregorymasila answered the question on January 31, 2018 at 10:56
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