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a) System checks and controls that should be built into the system:
o Input authorization- where particular people are allowed to handle certain
information.
o Batch controls and balancing-which reduces the auditor‘s work.
o Data validation and editing facilities.
o Error identification facilities.
o A program to keep track of audit trails.
b) Audit trail
Audit trails can be defined as a record of file updating that takes place during a specific
transaction. It enables a trace to be kept on all operations on files i.e. audit trail refers to
the ability to trace output back to the inputs. The loss of audit trail has an implication in
auditing of computer based systems e.g. the auditor will have to be concerned whether the
controls within the system have always been operating.
c) (i) Auditing around the computer
Here, one is not concerned about the accuracy only but should be concerned if there is
any weakness being abused i.e. check the process being undertaken. In this approach,the system is assumed to be a black box and the concerned will be whether one given
input will give rise to the right outputs. This type of audit does not check for
weaknesses in the system as one is only concerned with the correctness of output.
(ii) Auditing through the computer
It involves an examination of processing procedures or routines within the system and
also the controls incorporated within the system in order to ensure that the system is
capable of providing complete and accurate processing of all data.
(iii) Auditing packages
These are computer programs that can be used for audit purposes to examine the
content of business computer files. These audit programs can be: -
o Generalized packages.
o Specific packages- written packages (tailored packages).
Generalized packages
These are programs written by auditors/specialists that can be used in different types of
systems. Given that there are general programs, they can therefore be applied in
different organizations. This means that these programs can be tailored by designing the
format of the files to be interrogated and by specifying the parameters of output data
that is required.
Specifically written packages
These are specific software that is written so that they can interrogate or be used in a
given organization.
gregorymasila answered the question on February 15, 2018 at 16:18
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