(i) Wave energy:
The periodic rise and fall of water level of the sea can be used to convert wave energy
into electrical energy by moving turbine blades from fall and rise of water waves. In
about 24 hrs, there are two high & two low waves/ tides. The rise and fall of wave
follow sinusoidal curve.
The world first wave/dual power plant was commissioned at ‘Range’ in France. This
plant is of 240 mW capacity. There are three main components of a wave energy
power plant as follows:
- The dyke to form basic or basin
- Sluice ways from the basin to sea and vice-versa
- Power house
The turbines, electric generators and other auxiliary equipments are the main
equipments of power house.
Advantage
- Tidal/wave power has a unique capacity to meet peak power demand effectively
when it works in combination with hydropower plant or thermal power
Disadvantage:
- Power transmission cost is high because the tidal/wave power plant are located away
from load centre.
(ii) Ocean Thermal energy :
The conversion of solar energy stored as heat in the ocean into electrical energy by
making use of the temperature difference between warm surface water and the colder
deep water. The operation of OTEC (ocean Thermal energy conversion) plants is
based on a well-established physical (Thermo- dynamics) principle. If a heat some is
available at a higher temperature and a heat sink at a lower temperature, it is possible
in principle to utilize the temperature difference in a machine or prime moves
(Turbine) that can convert the part of the heat taken up from sources into mechanical
energy and hence into electrical energy.
The solar energy absorption by the water takes place according to Lambert’s law of
absorption, which state that each layer of equal thickness absorbs the some fraction of
light that passes through it
-dI(x) / dx = kI
or I(x) = I0e-kx
Where Io and I(x) are the intensities of radiation at the surface (x=O) and at the
distance ‘x’ below the surface, k= extinction coefficient
Requirements:
- Coastal zone land must be available.
- Sea floor must be descended sufficiently rapidly from the shore based plant location
gregorymasila answered the question on February 22, 2018 at 16:17
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