Freeze and thaw action.
The pressure due to accumulation of ice at the bottom, sides and middle of the ice mass causes some of the ice starts to melt. The water formed immediately changes to ice. The ice mass therefore moves gradually through the bits that are continuously melting, trickling down the slope as water and changing back to ice.
Basal slip
In this case the glacier slips and slides under the underlying rock due to gravity
Extrusion flow
In this case the ice accumulates to such vast thickness such that it moves as a result of its own weight.
Faimus answered the question on March 13, 2018 at 12:55
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