There are four main causes of energy losses in transformers:
i. Flux leakage
When part of the magnetic flux of the primary coil fails to reach the secondary coil, it is referred to as magnetic flux leakage.
In order to minimize energy loss through flux leakage can be reduced by winding the primary and secondary coils next to each on a common core. Alternatively, the secondary coil can be wound on top of the primary coil.
ii. Resistance
As current flows through the coils, heat is generated due to the resistance of the coils. The electrical power loss as a result of resistance is given by= I2R.
Energy loss through resistance can be minimized by using thicker cooper wires.
iii. Eddy currents
As the current alternates the magnetic flux also keeps alternating in the soft iron core producing eddy currents.
These currents are sufficient enough to generate heat within the core.
The energy loss can be minimized by laminating the core i.e. using thin sheets of soft iron plates insulated from each other.
iv. Hysteresis loss
The process of magnetization and demagnetization any time current reverses do generate heat within the core.
Energy loss in this way is referred to as hysteresis loss.
Moraa orina answered the question on April 11, 2018 at 17:37
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