The process of urine formation until it is removed from the human body is as follows;
The afferent arteriole is a branch of renal artery and it supplies blood to the glomerulus.Afferent arteriole have a wider lumen compared to efferent arteriole this leads to high pressure that contributes to ultrafiltration. The blood is filtered out from blood capillaries into the Bowman's capsule.The filtrate passes through the lumen of tubular parts of nephron.Important products such as vitamins, hormones,water,glucose,amino acids and sodium chloride are effectively reabsorbed at the proximal convulated tubule.
The tubule is properly adapted to reabsorption of substances as it is highly coiled to increase surface area for reabsorption of substances.Mitochondria provides energy for reabsorption. Larger solutes such as;white blood cells,red blood cells,plasma and platelets do not pass through capillary wall into the capsule. The filtrate move across tubular wall out of nephron this is either by diffusion or active transport into the capillaries around.
The excretory products which are not absorbed are regarded to as urine.The internal urethral sphincter controls urine flow from the urinary bladder into urethra.External urethral sphincter opens and urine is effectively removed from the human body.
Muchiri Samson answered the question on May 1, 2018 at 13:49
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