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(i) Basal slip: Weight of ice causes layer in contact with the rocks beneath to melt slightly.The film of water becomes a lubricant. It thus causes the ice to slip downhill.
(ii) Plastic flowage: Great pressure is exerted within the ice on the layers at the bottom. The pressure causes some ice to melt. The particles change their positions slightly and move downhill.
(iii) Extrusion flow: Ice on the lowlands accumulates to great thickness. The resultant weight compresses the layers of ice beneath, forcing them to spread out, thus moving.
(iv) Internal shearing: This movement is similar to rock faulting . It involves differential sliding of ice along planes within the ice. This is caused by tremendous down slope pressure. The ice therefore moves in layers down slope.
maurice.mutuku answered the question on June 8, 2017 at 14:17
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