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Sexual reproduction in fungi.
-Fungal nuclei are normally haploid, except transient diploid stages formed during the sexual life cycles.
-Sexual reproduction requires fusion of hyphae from different mating types (“sexes”).
-Fungi use sexual signaling molecules called pheromones to communicate their mating type.
-Plasmogamy is the union of two parent mycelia in fungi.
-In most fungi, the haploid nuclei from each parent do not fuse right away; they coexist in the mycelium, called a heterokaryon.
-The different nuclei may swap DNA similar to crossing over condition.
-During karyogamy, the haploid nuclei fuse, producing diploid cells.
-The diploid phase is short and undergoes meiosis producing haploid spores.
Asexual reproduction in fungi.
-Molds produce haploid spores by mitosis and form visible mycelia.
-Other fungi that can reproduce asexually are yeasts, which inhabit moist environments.
-Instead of producing spores, yeasts reproduce asexually by simple cell division and the pinching of bud cells from a parent cell.
-Many molds and yeasts have no known sexual stage.
jim items answered the question on January 29, 2019 at 15:50
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