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1. Physical/environment noise:
Outside interference that prevents the receiver from gaining
the message e.g. running water or a lawn-mover muffling your friend’s voice when he
asks you a question from an adjoining room.
2. Physiological / impairment noise
Failure to gain a message as a result of some bodily
impairment e.g. deaf persons do not have the sensory capabilities to receive a message in
the same way as hearing people do. Similarly blind persons do not have the ability to gain
signed messages.
3. Psychological noise:
Arises out of a communicator’s state of mind. Stress, frustration or
irritation cause us to send or receive messages ineffectively, for example when one is too
angry “to think straight”. Some people have severe psychological problems that cause
them to communicate in unusual ways e.g. schizophrenia and catatonia (immobility and
speechlessness) cause sufferers to have great difficulty communicating.
4. Semantic noise;
Problems may arise regarding the meanings of words (semantics), for
example when people use language that is common to only one specific group, a
particular part of a country, particular field, profession or organization (jargon).
Travellers frequently encounter semantic noise. For example in the Americas the word
“soda” means differently in the East coast and the mid-western. Clients complain that
lawyers fail to communicate clearly because they use legal jargons. To avoid semantic
problems, communicators must be aware that although they know the meaning of the
words they use, those at the receiving end must assign similar meanings for
communication to be effective.
5. Cultural noise
Results from pre-conceived, unyielding attitudes derived from a group or
society about how members of that culture should act or what they should or shouldn’t
believe in. For example, the attitude that “we” are always right and “they” are always
wrong may make a person who has always voted for one political party find it difficult to
be open minded when listening to information about the opposing political party’s
candidate.
6. Organizational noise.
Results when the source fails to realize that certain ideas are best
grasped when presented in a structural order. For example, a geography instructor
presents ideas in a random fashion: first he talks about India, then China, then Greece,
then India, then China. After a while, his students become so confused they have
absolutely no idea which country he is discussing.
Many methods of organization can provide a clear structure. For example, in giving
direction, a person may set a pattern by starting at the departure point and proceeding in a
geographical order e.g. go to the first street, turn left at the first junction.…
sharon kalunda answered the question on February 27, 2019 at 12:55