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There are 2 movements of the earth namely:
1. Rotation of the earth on its axis
2. Revolution of the earth around the sun
1.Rotation of the Earth.
-Movement of the earth on its own axis (imaginary line through the centre from N pole to S pole.
- Rotates through 360?.
- Takes 24 hours (day) to complete 1 rotation.
- Rotates in an anticlockwise direction (west to east).
Effects of Rotation of the Earth
1. Creates day and night because at any one time one side of the earth faces the sun (day) and the other remains in darkness (night).
2. Causes deflection of winds and ocean currents in the N hemisphere to the left and in the S hemisphere to the right.
3. It causes rising and falling of ocean tides.
4. Causes time difference between longitudes.
- Takes one hour to go through 15?.
- 4 min to go through 1?.
Calculation of Local Time
-The time recorded in places within the same longitude.
A longitude is an imaginary line running from N to S which shows how far E or W a place is from the prime meridian.
Greenwich Meridian (0?) longitude is the point of reference when calculating time.
Time is gained towards the E and lost towards the W.
2.Revolution of the Earth
- Movement of the earth in its orbit around the sun.
- It’s in anticlockwise direction.
- The orbit of the earth’s revolution is elliptical.
- Takes 365 ¼ days in a year or 366 days in a leap year (every 4 years).
- The sun moves from the tropic of cancer to the equator and then towards tropic of Capricorn and back to the tropic of cancer
21st march and 23rd September are called equinoxes because the length of day and night is equal. The sun is vertically overhead at noon at the equator.
-21st June is called summer solstice because its summer in the N hemisphere. The sun is vertically overhead at noon at the tropic of cancer.
- 22nd December is called winter solstice because its winter in the S. hemisphere. The sun is vertically overhead at noon at noon at the tropic of Capricorn.
-Solstice is the period of maximum tilting of the earth towards the sun.
Effects
marto answered the question on March 22, 2019 at 06:33
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