The flow chart below shows the Haber process in the large scale manufacture of Ammonia gas. Use it to answer the questions that follow.

The flow chart below shows the Haber process in the large scale manufacture of Ammonia gas. Use it to answer the questions that follow.

Describe how nitrogen is obtained from air on a large scale.
(a) (i) Name one source of hydrogen gas used as a raw material in the above process.
(ii) Name chamber A.
(iii) Write an equation for the reaction taking place in the catalytic chamber.
(iv) In the Haber process optimum temperature of 500⁰C and 200 atmospheres of pressure are used to get optimum yield of
Ammonia. Why can’t lower temperatures and higher pressure be used?
(b) Give two reasons why finely divided iron is the commonly used catalyst.
(c) State and explain the observation made when dry ammonia gas is passed over heated copper (II) Oxide
in a combustion tube.
(d) Give two uses of ammonia gas.

Answers

(a) Purify to remove dust, bubble in NaOH / KOH to remove CO₂, reduce temperature to 25⁰C to remove water as ice,
compress to liquefy air and fractionally distillate to obtain nitrogen at -196⁰C.
(b) (i) Cracking of long chain alkane.
(ii) Heat exchanger

(iv) At low temperature the reaction is slow.
(v) At higher pressure the cost of production will be higher because maintaining higher pressure is expensive.
(c) - Not easily poisoned.
- Less expensive, it is cheap.
(d) Black copper (II) oxide turns red brown, copper(II)oxide is reduced to copper metal.
- Colourless liquid condenses on the cooler parts of combustion tube. Ammonia gas is oxidized to water.
(e) - Manufacture of nitrogenous fertilizers.
- As a refrigerant.
- Use as water softener.
- Used to remove greasy stains.
- Used to manufacture hydrazine which is used as rocket fuel.

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sharon kalunda answered the question on March 27, 2019 at 10:00

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