Describe how each of the following volcanic features are formed (i) Explosion caldera (ii) Hot spring

      

Describe how each of the following volcanic features are formed
(i) Explosion caldera
(ii) Hot spring

  

Answers


Kavungya
(i) Describe how an explosion caldera is formed.
- A volcanic eruption through a central vent brings lava to the surface and builds a volcanic cone.
- Lava cools and solidify in the vent, thus sealing the vent
- Pressure builds up beneath the plug
- Continued build up of pressure lead to a violent eruption
- The violent eruption blows off the top of the cone
- When the eruption is over a wide depression is left on top of the cone. This is the explosion caldera.

(ii) Describe how a hot spring is formed
- Rainwater percolates down the crustal rocks through cracks in the rocks
- The water comes across hot rocks/magma
- The water is heated by the hot rocks/magma
- Some of the water turns into steam and expands, thus pressure builds up
- Some of the water collects into underground chambers or sumps within the hot rocks
- Continued pressure by the steam makes water in the sumps to be super heated
- The accumulated pressure forces the steam upwards towards the surface through the cracks and holes
- As the steam escapes to the surface it heats the ground water in the surrounding rocks
- The heated ground water under pressure finds its way to the surface and flows out quietly as hot springs.
Kavungya answered the question on April 1, 2019 at 11:36


Next: The lattice energy of sodium bromide and hydration energies of sodium and bromide ions are:- 733, 406 and 335kJ/mol respectively.
Previous: Imagine that you used the set up shown in the diagram below in order to study the reactions of some metals with steam. The experiment...

View More Geography Questions and Answers | Return to Questions Index


Exams With Marking Schemes

Related Questions