Chemoreception is the detection of specific chemicals by a sensory receptor. Interaction of chemical with receptors results in the generation of receptor potentials, consequently action potentials. The sense of smell and taste are obvious examples. Taste is a common sensation throughout the animal kingdom. The ability to taste bitter substances is almost universal in the animal kingdom, and it serves a protective purpose by warning against potentially toxic substances.
Mechanoreception is the measurement of force (pressure) and displacement. The application of pressure on the receptor produces a conformation change that leads to depolarization and generation of local currents.
Thermoreception is the detection of heat and cold and changes in temperature of environment (whether internal or external). Thermoreception occurs throughout animal kingdom and virtually all animals have optimum temperature within their environment.
Photoreception is the ability to detect light and is an almost universal phenomenon in animal kingdom. In mammals the iris is able to alter the amount of light entering the eye and the lens focuses the light on the retina, the layer of photoreceptors at the back of the eye.
Nociception is the detection of pain by nociceptors which are found extensively on the skin and other tissues as free nerve endings. They are widespread on the superficial layers of skin as well as in certain internal tissues. Pain can be mechanical, chemical or thermal.
marto answered the question on April 16, 2019 at 07:41
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