With an aid of a diagram,discuss the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus.

With an aid of a diagram,discuss the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus.

Answers

The pituitary gland (hypophysis) lies in the sella tursica at the base of the brain and is connected to the hypothalamus by the pituitary (hypophysial) stalk. The pituitary gland is divided into two parts: adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) and neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary). Between them is a small avascular zone called pars intermedia. The anterior pituitary originates from rathkes pouch which is an embryonic invagination of the pharyngeal epithelium. The posterior pituitary originates from an outgrowth of hypothalamus.

Almost all secretion by the pituitary is controlled by either hormonal or nervous signals from the hypothalamus. Secretion from the posterior pituitary is controlled by nerve fibers originating in the hypothalamus and terminating in posterior pituitary. Secretion by anterior pituitary is controlled by hormones called hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory hormones (factors) secreted within the hypothalamus and then conducted to anterior pituitary through small blood vessels called hypothalamic-hypophysial portal vessels.

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marto answered the question on April 16, 2019 at 08:30

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