i) Growth Hormone – it affects growth of the animal by affecting many metabolic functions throughout the body, especially protein formation. It enhances transport of most amino acids through the cell membrane to the interior of the cells. This increases amino acid concentrations in cells thereby increasing protein synthesis. GHRH and GHIH (somatostatin) released by hypothalamus regulate GH secretion by the hypothalamus.
ii) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) – it controls the rate of secretion of thyroxine by the thyroid gland and thyroxine in turn controls the rates of most chemical reactions of the entire body. TSH produced in anterior pituitary under the influence of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus.
iii) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) – it stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce steroid hormones which in turn affect the metabolism of glucose, protein and fat. ACTH is produced under the influence of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).
iv) Prolactin – it promotes mammary gland development and milk production. Its production by the pituitary is inhibited by PIF (prolactin-inhibiting-factor) from the hypothalamus. PRF (prolactin releasing factor) is not a major hormone of the hypothalamus. It’s produced in small amounts and the pituitary can still produce prolactin without the influence of PRF. Therefore the major function of the hypothalamus is mainly to inhibit and not to stimulate prolactin secretion.
v) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) – it acts on gonads to produce gametes. Its production is under the influence of GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone).
vi) Luteinising Hormone (LH) - it stimulates interstitial cells of Leydig to produce testosterone in the male animal. In females it stimulates ovulation. It’s also produced under the influence of GnRH
marto answered the question on April 16, 2019 at 08:31
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