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Progesterone production is one of the most important functions of placenta. Progesterone plays important role in maintaining pregnancy.
The placenta also produces estrogen during the latter part of gestation. The main effect of estrogen is the stimulation of production of contractile protein of the uterine muscle. This prepares the uterus for the process of parturition.
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) has actions similar to FSH and LH, but FSH actions are dominant. It stimulates development of ovarian follicles. Some follicles ovulate, but most become luteinized follicles due to the LH-like action of eCG. These accessory corpora lutea produce progesterone which maintains pregnancy in mare.
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has activity similar to LH i.e. maintains corpus luteum of pregnancy in primates. Its presence in urine in early pregnancy is the basis of the various lab tests for human pregnancy.
Placental lactogen is produced by the placenta of sheep and cattle. It regulates maternal nutrients to the fetus and therefore is important for fetal growth. It may play a role in milk production because the level is higher in dairy cows than in beef cows. Together with prolactin, it is important for development of mammary gland alveolar development.
marto answered the question on April 16, 2019 at 08:53
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