Explain exhaustively the importance of computers in the following areas:

i). Industries.
The use of computers has made Industries more productive & efficient. They are used:
-To monitor and control industrial processes. The industries use remote controlled devices
called Robots. A Robot is a machine that works like a human being, but performs tasks
that are unpleasant, dangerous, and tedious to be done by human beings.
-For management control, i.e. to keep track of orders, bills and transactions.
-By companies as a competitive tool. E.g., they are used to assist in defining new products
& services. They also help industries form new relationships with suppliers and therefore,
enable the producers maintain a competitive edge against their competitors.
-For advertisement purposes, which enable an industry to attract more customers.

ii). Hospitals.
Computers are used in hospitals:
- To keep & retrieve patient’s medical records.
- For automatic diagnosis of diseases like Cancer, electro-cardiogram screening &
monitoring.
They are used to get a cross-sectional view of the patient’s body that enables physicians to
properly diagnose the affected part of the body with high levels of accuracy.
- In medical equipments, e.g. blood pressure monitors, blood analyzers, etc.
- To control life-supporting machines in the Intensive Care Units (ICU).
- To enable medical experts in different countries to share their expertise or labour, thus
reducing the transportation of patients & professionals.

iii). Education
Computers are widely used in the teaching & learning process. Learning and teaching using
computers is referred to as Computer Aided Learning (CAL) and Computer Aided Teaching(CAT).
- Computers are used in learning institutions (schools & colleges) as teaching aids, i.e. to
help in teaching various subjects.
E.g., they are used to demonstrate experiments in subjects like Chemistry or Physics using a
special program that can illustrate them on the screen through a process called Simulation.
- To assist the Long distance learning in universities usually referred to as the Open
University Concept.
- To analyze academic data.
- Computers are used in Aviation for training of pilots. Flight simulators are used to
monitor the control movements made by the pilot while the computer is used to physically
change the environment so that the pilot feels as if he were controlling an actual aircraft.

iv). Research.
Computers can be used for research in various fields. They are used by:
- Scientists to analyse their experimental data, e.g., in weather forecasting.
- Engineers & Architects to design & test their work.
- Computers have greatly assisted in space exploration.
- They are used to study the movement of stars.
- They have made manned & unmanned space exploration possible – they are used to
launch space vehicles and monitor the flights & activities both onboard and around them.

v). Communication industry.
The integration of computers & telecommunication facilities has made the transmission and
reception of messages very fast and efficient.
- They are used in telephone exchanges to switch incoming & outgoing calls.
- For sending & receiving electronic messages, e.g. fax and e-mails, if connected to a
computer network.

vi). Law enforcement agencies.
- Computers are widely used in fighting crime. The Police use computers to keep databases
on fingerprints and also analysed them.
- The Police also use computers for face recognition, scene monitoring & analysis, which
help them to arrest traffic offenders and criminals.
The information held in computers such as fingerprints, photographs and other identification
details helps law enforcers to carry out criminal investigations speedily.

vii). Domestic and Entertainment.
Computers are used at homes:
- For watching movies, playing music and computer games.
- For storing personal information.
- For calculating and keeping home budgets.
- For shopping purposes. They provide people with lists of shopping items as well as their
prices. They also provide electronic money transfer facilities.
- In household items, such as, Microwave ovens, Televisions, etc.

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sharon kalunda answered the question on April 16, 2019 at 10:00