1.Pre- conventional
-Individuals at this level are characterized by the following:
-Operate on Annual- like instinct
-No rationality
-No sense of right and wrong, cannot sense moral value
-Operate on reward/ punishment principle
-Hence are not responsible for their actions.
2.Conventional
-Individuals at this level are characterized by the following:
-Emergence of rationality
-Concept of right and wrong
-But the individual is limited to the socially approved, popularly
accepted ways of thinking
Social approval provides the rationale for action and conduct
One defers to society, one sees oneself in terms of society, hardly questions society
Conformity to authority is thus the hallmark of this stage.
The problem with this way of thinking is that society takes advantage of individuals and may:
Lead them astray
Expose them to irrationality of mass thinking
Expose them to paternalistic and authoritarian tendencies of the society
3.Post- Conventional (Autonomous
This level is also called the autonomous stage and is characterized by:
Autonomy of thought and action
Originality of thought grounded in the belief that one ought to think for ourselves
Reflective thinking where individual is self- directed as opposed to being other directed
Fully developed individuality where individuals fully reflect on socially accepted values and norms; often radically questioning their underlying basis.
Individual manifestation of highest degree of creativity, innovation and criticality
Individuals who transcend society, hence they can correct, change society.
marto answered the question on April 30, 2019 at 08:38