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European school of thoughts – according to this school of thoughts, management is a wider term that embraces administration. Initiators are Richman, Breach and cupon. According to them, management is the process of establishing and maintain and organization. Management is concerned with forming of objectives, policies and regulations that govern an organization (e.g. B.O.M). Administration is involved in the implementation of the policies, objectives and the regulations formulated by the management. (Principal. D. Principal and H.O.Ds)
American school of thoughts – according to this, administration is a higher level and management is a lower level activity. Initiators are Mac and Richman. Administration involves decision making and policy formation in an organization and management is concerned with implementation of the policies and supervision of work with the limits set up by the administration.
Pragmatic view point – initiators include Henn Fiyol, D. Bernard and William. They made no distinction between management and administration. According to them, management or administration is the guided leadership and control of the effort of a group of individuals to their common objectives.
marto answered the question on May 6, 2019 at 06:40