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Etiology,
Bacterium Bacillus anthracis
Species affected
wild and domestic herbivores (eg, cattle, sheep, goats, camels, antelopes) but can also be seen in humans since it is zoonotic
Transmission and pathogenesis
Transmission-Exposure to tissue from infected animals, contaminated animal products or directly to B anthracis spores
Pathogenesis-After wound inoculation, ingestion, or inhalation, spores infect macrophages, germinate, and proliferate (multiply).
In cutaneous/skin and digestive system infection, proliferation can occur at the site of infection and the lymph nodes draining the site of infection. Lethal toxin and edema toxin are produced by B anthracis and respectively cause local necrosis and extensive edema, which is a frequent characteristic of the disease. As the bacteria multiply in the lymph nodes, toxemia (toxins in blood) progresses and bacteremia (bacteria in blood) may ensue. With the increase in toxin production, the potential for disseminated tissue destruction and organ failure increases
Clinical signs
Lethal toxin and edema toxin are produced by B anthracis and respectively cause local necrosis (tissue death) and extensive edema, which is a frequent characteristic of the disease. As the bacteria multiply in the lymph nodes, toxemia progresses and bacteremia may ensue. With the increase in toxin production, the potential for disseminated tissue destruction and organ failure increases
Diagnosis
Clinical signs and laboratory tests
Treatment and control
Treatment by antibiotics
Control by vaccination
Kavungya answered the question on May 6, 2019 at 11:22
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