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Describe Coccidiosis in terms of: Etiology Species affected Transmission and pathogenesis Clinical signs Diagnosis Treatment and control

Describe Coccidiosis in terms of:
Etiology
Species affected
Transmission and pathogenesis
Clinical signs
Diagnosis
Treatment and control

Answers

etiology,
Eimeria or Isospora coccidian

Species affected
cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, poultry

Transmission and pathogenesis
Coccidia are opportunistic pathogens; if pathogenic, their virulence may be influenced by various stressors. Therefore, clinical coccidiosis is most prevalent under conditions of poor nutrition, poor sanitation, or overcrowding, or after the stresses of weaning, shipping, sudden changes of feed, or severe weather.
Infection results from ingestion of infective oocysts. Oocysts enter the environment in the feces of an infected host, but oocysts of Eimeria and Isospora are unsporulated and therefore not infective. Under favorable conditions of oxygen, humidity, and temperature, oocysts sporulate (form spores which are infective) and become infective in several days.
When the sporulated oocyst is ingested by a susceptible animal, infection of intestinal wall occurs and many other oocysts are formed in the intestines. the oocysts have resistant walls and are discharged unsporulated in the feces. Oocysts do not survive well at temperatures below -30°C or above 40°C; within this range, they may survive up to 1 yr or more.

Clinical signs
Infection is characterized by bloody diarrhea, fever, inappetence, weight loss, emaciation, and sometimes death

Diagnosis
Clinical signs and laboratory tests

Treatment and control
Amprolium

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Kavungya answered the question on May 6, 2019 at 13:12

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