State and explain Sleep Disorders.

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a) Insomnia: this is a persistent problem of falling asleep or staying sleep. Anxiety and excitement as causes of lack of sleep is not insomnia. When stressed alertness is a natural way of adapting. Sleeping pills and alcohol can aggravate the problem. They reduce the REM sleep. Continued use increases the dosage with time to get an effect. Discontinuing the drugs worsen the insomnia.
Rather than drugs:
- Relax before bedtime
- Avoid caffeine and rich food before bedtime. A glass of milk can help
- Sleep on a regular schedule
- Exercise regularly but not in the late evening
- Do not force yourself into sleep. Reassure yourself that temporary loss of sleep causes no great harm
- If nothing else works, aim for less sleep. Go to bed early or get up earlier (Myers, 1995)
b) Narcolepsy: periodic overwhelming sleepiness sometimes at the most inopportune time. The person lapses directly into a brief period of REM sleep with its accompanying loss of muscular tension.
c) Sleep apnea: intermittent stoppage of breathing during sleep. Decreased levels of oxygen arouse the sleeper to awaken and snort in air for few seconds. Frequent recurrent deprive the person the slow wave sleep. Victims complain of sleepiness and irritability during the day. Mates complain of loud snoring. suffers are often unaware of their disorder
d) Night terrors and nightmares: night terrors are characterized by sitting or walking around, talking incoherently, doubling of heart beat and breathing rate and terrific appearance. Nightmares mainly occur during stage 4 of sleep. A victim rarely wakens or recalls nightmares. It occurs during REM sleep approaching morning

Kavungya answered the question on May 8, 2019 at 08:10

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State and explain Sleep Disorders.

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