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- Complex conceptual - Developing a conceptual database for an entire organization is usually too complex. Finally some organizations end designing several functional database e.g. financial databases, marketing databases, etc.
- High acquisition costs – Need to hire database related employees, An organization must hire a DBA and other related staff, system development time, acquisition of DBMS software, file conversion, database operations: such as back-ups
- Complex programmer environment - Testing a DBMS during its development is very complex.
- Potentially catastrophic - If DBMS fails the loss to the organization can be great since its operations may get totally impaired.
- Longer running time for applications - As programs complexity increases, so does the amount of time required to run the program. Therefore applications using DBMS may take longer to run unless installed on very fast CPUs or disk drives and remain memory resident.
- High costs of operations - The costs of converting applications to a new DBMS are quite high and also DBMS requires, Definition of database, DBMS, DBA, file management systems, Advantages and Disadvantages of Database approach, Components of DBMS, Types of DBMS structures, Duties of DBA
Kavungya answered the question on May 10, 2019 at 12:17
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