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1. User Data - Data users work with directly by entering, updating and viewing. For our purposes, data will be generally stored in tables with some relationships between tables. Each table has one or more columns. A set of columns forms a database record. Recall the fact that a database is self- describing
2. Metadata: Data about data i.e. Data that describe how user data are stored in terms of table name, column name, data type, length, primary keys, etc. Metadata are typically stored in System tables or System Catalog and are typically only directly accessible by the DBMS or by the system administrator.
NB: Applications Metadata - is accessed via the database development programs and where many DBMS have storage facilities for forms, reports, queries and other application components.
3. Indexes - In keeping with our desire to provide users with several different views of data, indexes provide an alternate means of accessing user data. Sorting and Searching: An index for our new banking example might include the account numbers in a sorted order. Indexes allow the database to access a record without having to search through the entire table. Updating data requires an extra step: The index must also be updated. Example: Index in a book consists of two things: A Keyword stored in order and a pointer to the rest of the information. In the case of the book, the pointer is a page number.
Kavungya answered the question on May 10, 2019 at 12:19
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