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? Backups - "Cold" backups allow backups when the database is down. "Hot" backups allow backups to be done while the database is up. Logical backups or "exports" take a snapshot of the database at a given point in time by user or specific table(s) and allow recovery of the full database or of single tables if needed. There is also a sophisticated Recovery Manager facility which catalogs backup sets to aid in successful recovery
- Database Encryption - Oracle 8i provides a special PL/SQL package which can be used to encrypt and decrypt data. However, encryption has a high cost in over-head due to the processing power needed to execute the complex encryption/decryption algorithms. For these reasons, Oracle 8i does not provide full database encryption.
- Auditing - There are three standard types of auditing available in Oracle, including SQL statement-level, privilege-level, and object-level auditing. Audit records can be written to the standard Oracle audit table, to an operating system audit trail (dependent on operating system used), or to an external file. The three basic types of auditing can be done by user, successful or non-successful attempts, and by session or access time intervals. The standard auditing is useful but is at the table level. It cannot be used to audit at the record or column level.
Kavungya answered the question on May 10, 2019 at 12:56
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