i. Water is an essential element of the environment its preservation, has socio-religious function to perform which is the purification of the body and clothing from all dirt and impurities so that man may encounter God clean and pure. God has said in the Glorious Quran: “And He caused rain to descend on you from heaven to cleanse you therewith…” (Q 8:11)
ii. Conservation of lake, sea and ocean water is vital in the preservation and continuation of life in its various forms, plant, animal, and human; Allah has made it the habitat of many created beings which play vital roles in the
perpetuation of life and the development of this world. God has said: “It is He Who has made the sea of service, that you may eat thereof flesh that is fresh and tender, and that you may bring forth from it ornaments to wear, and you see the ships therein that plough the waves, that you may seek of His bounty
iii. Water is a basic necessity for all, thus God made its use the common right of all living beings and all human beings. All are entitled to use it without monopoly, usurpation, despoilment, wastage, or abuse. God commanded with regard to the people of Thamud and their camel, “And tell them that the water shall be shared between them…” (Quran 54:28)
iv. Since the atmosphere performs biological and social functions, its conservation, pure and unpolluted, is an essential aspect of the conservation of life itself which is one of the fundamental objectives of Islamic law. For example: Air is an important element. God has created it for definite purposes; he mentions in the Quran one of the vital role of the winds in pollination. God said: “And we send the fertilizing winds...” (Quran 15:22)
v. The act of planting trees is considered an act of charity; one is rewarded abundantly by Allah (s.w) The Prophet declared: “If any Muslim plants a tree or sows a field, and a human, bird or animal eats from it, it shall be reckoned as charity from him.” (Saheeh Al-Bukhari, Saheeh Muslim)
vi. God has made the land a source of sustenance and livelihood for us and other living creatures: He has made the soil fertile to grow the vegetation upon which we and all animal life depend. He has made the mountains to catch and store the rain and to perform a role in stabilizing the crust of the earth, as He has shown us in the Glorious Quran: “And the earth, after that He has spread it out; from it He has brought forth its waters and its pastures, and He has made fast the mountains, a provision for you and for your cattle.” (Quran 79:30-33)
vii. In addition to their importance as nourishment, plants enrich the soil and protect it from erosion by wind and water. They conserve the water by detaining its runoff; they moderate the climate and produce the oxygen which we breathe. They are also of immense value as medicines, oils, perfumes, waxes, fibers, timber, and fuel. God has said in the Glorious Quran, “Have you seen the fire you kindle? Was it you who grew its timber or did We grow it? We have made it a reminder, and a comfort for the desert dwellers.” (Quran 56:71-73)
viii. God has made in plants and animals that which excites wonder and joy in man’s soul so as to satisfy his peace of mind, a factor which is essential for man’s proper functioning and full performance.
ix. The Glorious Quran also mentions other functions which these creatures perform and which man may not perceive, namely the functions of worshipping God, declaring if His praise and bowing down to Him as they are compelled by their very nature to do. God has said, “Do you not see that to God bow down in worship all things that are in the heavens and on the earth - the sun, the moon, the stars, the mountains, the trees, the animals…”
x. The prophet(s.a.w) forbade that one needlessly and wrongfully cut down any tree which provides valuable shelter to humans or animals in the desert, and the aim of this prohibition may be understood as prevention of the destruction of valuable habitat for God’ s creatures.
xi. The Prophet forbade that a person relieve himself in a water source or on a path, or in a place of shade, or in the burrow of a living creature. Lest he pollutes the critical resources and habitats in general. Waste products exhaust fumes, and similar pollutants should be treated at their sources with the best feasible means of treatment, and care should be taken in their disposal to avoid adverse side effects that lead to similar or greater damage or injury.
Kavungya answered the question on June 21, 2019 at 09:16