Introduction
Robert and Goldstein represent the colonialists. They work with the leader, Lacuna because they want to fleece him and his subjects. They make him think that they are for him yet they know his rule is oppressing the people. However, as long as they benefit, they do not care.
The colonialists want to benefit from the people and get as much profit as possible without giving the people much. They advise Lacuna to privatize companies and reduce employment and thus increase the poverty so that the people struggle for basic needs.
They set the stage by giving hefty loans to Lacuna at the expense of the people. The money does not trickle down to the people yet they are the ones forced to pay.
When Lacuna is unable to pay the loan which is now at one hundred and twenty-two billion, he imposes a curfew from dawn to dusk. He then freezes salaries, charges a hundred percent tax on profits and all profit is appropriated to the national kitty for safe custody.
Lacuna's personal accounts are frozen when he is unable to repay the loans and he has to recover the money lost from the citizenry. Thus he introduces martial law. He is commander- in-chief and assumes all control. He abolishes all positions except army ranks and fires those who dare oppose him. The colonialists' denial of money makes Lacuna's dictatorial tendencies fully fledged. In a way the people suffer because of Robert and Goldstein.
The natives live in fear because any fallout with Lacuna could lead to their death. They dare not oppose his rule like Bengo and Judah. Bengo is sent to prison for not supporting Lacuna's rule. His brother Judah is exiled after he is almost killed when he refuses to assassinate his brother Bengo for not supporting him. This is true dictatorship where a leader does not want to be opposed and even kills those who dare.
Lacuna knows the people do not like him but he imposes himself on them. During the Commemoration ceremony, he gives a lavish banquet for the colonialists so that they can lend him more money .It is Ironical, most of the food is imported. Lacuna does not develop the economy but continues to impoverish his people. This is what the colonialists want — to make profit and enslave the natives as they pay the hefty loans. 'the people live in poverty. Tamina lives in a grass thatched house and cannot pay fees for Lulu. She picks coffee on a farm for very little money and cannot make ends meet. This reveals that dictatorship has oppressed then just like the colonialists intended by helping Lacuna impoverish the people.
Lacuna orders that those who resist be shot on sight. Furthermore, he can have anyone he wants. He keeps her confined for a month when she does not accept him for marriage.
Conclusion
Dictatorship by Lacuna is propelled by the imperialists.' They give Lacuna money and then help him to impoverish the people. Lacuna introduces martial law which is authoritarian and which makes Lacuna do as he pleases.
marto answered the question on September 11, 2019 at 11:13
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Helmer: Miserable creature – what have you done?
Nora: Let me go. You shall not suffer for my sake. You shall not take it upon yourself.
Helmer: No tragic airs, please.(Locks the hall door.) Here you shall stay and give me an explanation. Do you understand what you have done? Answer me! Do you understand what you have done?
Nora: (Looks steadily at him and says with a growing look of coldness in her face) Yes, now I am beginning to understand thoroughly.
Helmer: (walking about the room) What a horrible awakening! All these eight years- she who was my joy and pride- a hypocrite, a liar – worse, worse – a criminal! The unutterable ugliness of it all! – For shame! For shame! (NORA is silent and looks steadily at him. He stops in front of her.) I ought to have suspected that something of the sort would happen. I ought to have foreseen it. All your father’s want of principle – be silent! - all your father’s want of principle has come out in you. No religion, no morality, no sense of duty -. How I am punished for having winked at what he did! I did it for your sake, and this is how you repay me.
Nora: Yes, that’s just it.
Helmer: Now you have destroyed all my happiness. You have ruined all my future. It is horrible to think of! I am in the power of an unscrupulous man; he can do what he likes with me, ask anything he likes of me, give me any orders he please - I dare not refuse. And I must sink to such miserable depths because of a thoughtless woman!
Nora: When I am out of the way, you will be free.
a) Explain what has happened immediately before this excerpt
b) What does Nora mean by saying, "You shall not suffer for my sake."? Explain.
c) How is Helmer’s attitude towards Nora in this extract different from earlier in the book? Explain.
d) What thematic concern is addressed in this excerpt?
e) "I am in the power of an unscrupulous man; he can do what he likes with me, ask anything he likes of me, give me any orders he pleases - I dare not refuse." Who is Helmer talking about and why does he make such comments about the person?
f) Discuss any style evident in the excerpt.
g) Identify and illustrate the prevalent mood in the excerpt
h) "Here you shall stay and give me an explanation."Rewrite beginning: You....
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j) Explain the meaning of the following expressions as used in the extract.
i. Take it upon yourself....................
ii. No tragic airs.................
iii. Your father’s want of principle ...................
iv. Unscrupulous man .....................
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A DOLL’S HOUSE
Nora: But it was absolutely necessary that he should not know! My goodness cant you
Understand that? It was necessary he should have no idea what a dangerous condition he
Was in. It was to me that the doctors came and said that his life was in danger, and that the
only thing to save him was to live in the south. Do you suppose I didn’t try, first of all, to get
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like other young wives; I tried tears and entreaties with him; I told him that he ought to
remember the condition I was in, and that he ought to be kind and indulgent to me ; I even
hinted that he might raise a loan. That nearly made him angry , Christine. He said I was
thoughtless, and that it was his duty as my husband not to indulge me in my whims and
caprices- as I believe he called them. Verywell, I thought you must be saved-and that was
how I came to devise a way out of difficulty-
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from him?
Nora:No, never. Papa died just at that time. I had meant to let him into the secret and beg him
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these things! And besides how painful and humiliating it would be for Torvald, with his
manly independence, to know that he owed me anything! It would upset our mutual
relations altogether; our beautiful happy home would no longer be what it is now
Mrs. LInde: Do you mean never to tell about it?
Nora:(meditatively and with a half-smile) Yes –someday perhaps, after many years, when I am no
longer as nice-looking as I am now. Don’t laugh at me! I mean, of course, when Torvald is no
longer as devoted to me as he is now; when my dancing and dressing –up and reciting have
paled on him; then it may be a good thing to have something in reserve-(breaking off)What
nonsense! That time will never come. Now what do you think of my greatest secret, Christine?
Do you still think I am of no use? I can tell you , too, that this affair has caused me a lot of
worry. It has been by no means easy for me to meet my engagements punctually. I may tell you
that there is something that is called in business, quarterly interest and another thing called
payment in installments and it is always so dreadfully difficult to manage them. I have not been
able to put a side much from housekeeping money for Torvald must have a good table. I could not
let my children be shabbily dressed; I have felt obliged to use up all he gave me for them, the sweet little darlings.
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1. Briefly describe what happens before the events in this extract.
2. State and explain any two aspects of style used in this extract
3. How is Mrs. Linde depicted in this extract?
4. What is the attitude of Mrs. Linde towards Nora? Explain
5. Explain how the 'imprudence' of Nora later complicates the events of the play.
6. Who is a shadow character in a play? In this extract identify one shadow character. What is his\her significance in the play
7. Add a question tag:
A wife cannot borrow money without her husband’s consent
8. Explain the meaning of the following words.
i) Indulgent
ii) Thoughtless
iii) Caprices
iv) Devoted
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Mrs. Linde: Believe me, Nora, that’s the best thing for both of you.
Nora: You don’t know all. I forged a name.
Mrs. Linde: Good heavens-!
Nora: I only want to say this to you, Christine- you must be my witness.
Mrs. Linde: Your witness? What do you mean? What am I to -?
Nora: If I should go out of my mind-and it might easily happenMrs. Linde: Nora!
Mrs. Linde: Nora! Nora! You are quite out of your mind.
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ii) 'Nora- it was Krogstad who lent you the money!' Explain the tone in Christine’s
words.
iii) 'Believe me Nora, that’s the best thing for both of you.' From later in the play which reason does Mrs. Linde give to support what she says now?
v) Discuss one character trait of Nora evident in this extract.
v) Discuss one social theme raised in this extract.
vi) 'Nora! Nora! You are quite out of your mind.' Add a question tag.
vii) Discuss one aspect of style in this extract.
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