Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. WASTE DISPOSAL Population in most cities increasing at a very high rate. The high population...

Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.
WASTE DISPOSAL
Population in most cities increasing at a very high rate. The high population results in high levels of activities and consumption. People in cities consume a lot of food and they buy groceries from shops, which are wrapped in polythene bags. As a result, a lot of garbage is generated and disposed off within and outside the urban areas. The higher the population, the higher the amount of garbage generated. This means that there should be an efficient system of collecting and disposing off the garbage.

The effectiveness of waste management by city councils varies from country to country. In most African cities, a large amount of waste is not deposited in rubbish pits. Instead, it is dumped in the open. According to United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) statistics, sixty five percent of garbage in Tripoli, for example, is dumped in the open while eighty percent of garbage in Ismailia (Egypt is also dumped in the open.

With extreme warm temperatures such garbage tends to decompose rapidly causing serious health risks besides being a nuisance. One common method of deposing off waste is open burning. This contributes to the problem of urban air pollution.

In Nairobi, for example, it is common to find informal open burning sites. Most residents of city estates say that they are forced to burn waste in the open because the city council is incapable of dealing with the increasing amount of garbage. When waste is not disposed off effectively, it affects human health and damages the environment. For example, it has led to problems such as pollution of water sources, offensive odour, and increase in disease vectors, pests and scavengers.

However, there are examples of domestic waste being disposed off hygienically or being recycled. For example, in rural Egypt, there are organizations that promote environmental awareness among women by providing them with plastic bags so that they can collect their garbage. On the other hand, the youth are given the task of taking the garbage to a designated collection point. This scheme can be imported to the urban areas with a lot of success.

Another possible solution could be the introduction of reusable shopping bags in place of the usual polythene bags. Supermarkets and other businesses can pack customers’ goods in bags that are reusable. This would drastically reduce the amount of domestic waste generated everyday.

Questions
a) What is the result of high population in most cities?
b)In most African cities, where are large amounts of waste deposited?
c)How much waste does Egypt dump in the open?
d)What two problems result from dumping waste in the open?
e)Why is open burning of waste common?
f)In what two ways can waste be successfully managed according to the passage?
g)In note form, briefly state the various forms of waste disposal discussed in the passage.
h)Why is Egypt mentioned in the passage?
i)What is the writer’s attitude towards the city council?
j)The high population results in high levels of activities and consumption.
(Rewrite beginning So…..)
k)Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases as used in the passage.
i) Offensive odour
ii)Disposed off
iii)Decompose

a) High population in most popular cities has resulted to increased consumption
This is turn has led to several effects which include increased garbage
b) In most African countries large amounts of waste is disposed off in the open
c) Egypt dumps eighty percent of its garbage out in the open
d) Dumping waste out in the open has resulted to high temperature which makes the waste decomposed fast producing an unpleasant odour. The decomposed garbage becomes a serious health hazard due to its toxic nature
e) Open burning of waste is common because of the varying effectiveness of the waste management mechanisms by the city councils of various countries.
f) Two ways in which waste can be successfully managed is by provision of plastic bags in which people can collect their waste. Another method could be the use of reusable shopping bags in place of polythene bags.
g) -Deposited in rubbish pits
-Dumped in the open
-Put in plastic bags and garbage collection open burning of rubbish
h) Egypt has been mentioned as one of the countries that has a city that dumps waste in the open
i) Attitude condemnatory – the city council is capable of dealing with the increasing amount of garbage.
j) Such high population results in high levels of activities and consumption
k) i) Offensive odour – bad/unattractive/unpleasant smell
ii)disposed off – got rid of / eliminated / destroyed
iii)decompose – rot

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Kavungya answered the question on October 10, 2019 at 11:37

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