b, d, e, a, c
marto answered the question on October 14, 2019 at 10:26
- Read the passage below and then answer the questions that follow.(Solved)
Read the passage below and then answer the questions that follow.
Moving to a new country can be exciting, even exhilarating experience. In a new environment, you somehow feel more alive: seeing new sights, eating new food, hearing the foreign sounds of a new language, and feeling a different climate against your skin stimulate your senses as never before. Soon, however, this sensory bombardment becomes sensory overload. Suddenly, new experiences seem stressful rather than stimulating, and delight turns into discomfort. This is the phenomenon known as culture shock. Culture shock is more than jet lag or homesickness, and it affects nearly everyone who enters a new culture – tourists, business travelers, diplomats and students alike. Although not everyone experiences culture shock in exactly the same way, many experts agree that it has roughly five stages.
In the first stage, you are excited by your new environment. You experience some simple difficulties such as trying to use the telephone or public transportation, but you consider these small challenges that you can
quickly overcome. Your feelings about the new culture are positive, so you are eager to make contact with people and to try new foods.
Sooner or later, differences in behavior and customs become more noticeable to you. This is the second stage of culture shock. Because you do not know the social customs of the new culture, you may find it difficult to make friends. For instance, you do not understand how to make “small talk,” so they overhear a conversation. You understand all the words, but you do not understand the meaning. Why is everyone laughing? Are they laughing at you or at some joke that you did not understand?
Also, you aren’t always sure how to act while shopping. Is this store self-service or should you wait for a clerk to assist you? If you buy a sweater the wrong size, can you exchange it? These are not minor challenges; they are major frustrations.
In the third stage you no longer have positive feelings about the new culture. You feel that you have made a mistake in coming here. Making friends hasn’t been easy, so you begin to feel lonely and isolated. Now you want to be with familiar people and eat similar food. You begin to spend most your free time with students from your home country, and you eat in restaurants that serve your native food. In fact, food becomes an obsession, and you spend a lot of time planning, shopping for, and cooking food from home.
You know that you are in the fourth stage of culture shock when you have negative feelings about almost everything. In this stage you actively reject the new culture. You become critical, suspicious, and irritable. You believe that people are unfriendly, that your landlord is trying to cheat you, that your teachers do not like you, and that the food is making you sick. In fact, you may actually develop stomachaches, headaches, sleeplessness, lethargy, or other physical symptoms.
Finally, you reach the fifth stage. As your language skills improve, you begin to have some success in meeting people and in negotiating situations. You are able to exchange the sweater that was too small, and you can successfully chat about the weather with a stranger on the bus. Your self-confidence grows. After realizing that you cannot change your surroundings, you begin to accept the differences and tolerate them. For instance the food will never be as tasty as the food in your home country, but you are now able to eat and sometimes even enjoy many dishes. You may not like the way some people in your host country dress or behave in public, but you do not regard their clothes and behavior as wrong – just different. In conclusion, nearly everyone moving to a new country feels some decree of culture shock.
Symptoms may vary, and not all people experience all five stages. Newcomers with a strong support group may feel at home immediately in the new culture, while others take months to feel comfortable. Staying in touch with friends and family, keeping a positive attitude, and above all, learning the language as soon as possible is ways to overcome the difficulties and frustrations of adapting to life in a new land.
From: Writing Academic English, Alice Oshima and Ann Hogue, Pearson Education, Longman (2006)
(a) According to the passage, what is the meaning of culture shock?
(b) Identify any three factors that can cause culture shock?
(c) What evidence does the author give to show "you understand all the words, but you do not understand the meaning"?
(d) Give any three features that characterize a person in the worst state of culture shock.
(e) In note form, give the difficulties experienced in the second stage of culture shock
(f) Why is making friends helpful in overcoming culture shock?
(g) Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the passage.
i. Alive –
ii. Obsession –
iii. Negotiation –
(h) Staying in touch with friends and family, keeping a positive attitude, and, above all, learning the language as soon as possible are ways to overcome the difficulties and frustrations of adapting to life in a new land.
(Rewrite the sentence above without changing the meaning. Begin: You.....)
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Read the following narrative and answer the questions that follow.
(Solved)
Read the following narrative and answer the questions that follow.
The Ndebele tell their children that long ago, there were three friends: the beautiful leopard, the jackal and the hyena. They went everywhere together. Whenever Leopard killed an animal, he would always leave part of it for his friends so that they could have a good feed too.
One day it happened that leopard was ill, and so he could not hunt. "Jackal," he said, "please catch some food for us, for I am not well."
But lazy Jackal said, "No, I am too weary. Ask Hyena."
So Leopard said, "Hyena, please hunt for us today, for I am not well enough to do so.”
But Hyena, too, made an excuse: "No, I have a sore foot."
So leopard roared in anger. "I thought you were my friends, but you are a no-good, lazy pair. Never again will I leave you meat when I make my kill. From this day on, I will make sure of it. I shall take what is left and hang it in a tree, when I have eaten all I want. Then neither of you will be able to get at it."
Leopard was true to his word – for since that day he has never left any meat for his selfish friends. Up into a tree it goes, high out of reach of jackals and hyenas. They have become scavengers now instead, and they eat the scraps that other animals leave behind. It was a sad day for them when they lost Leopard’s friendship.
(when Hippo was Hairy and Other Tales from Africa, Letterworth Press, 1990)
a) Giving a reason for your answer, say what kind of narrative this is.
b) What character can you give the leopard?
c) Identify the features of oral narratives that have been used in this story.
d) What lessons do we learn from this story?
e) What function is played by an opening formula and a closing formula in an oral narrative?
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- For each of the words below write another that is pronounced the same way but is spelt differently and has a different meaning.(Solved)
For each of the words below write another that is pronounced the same way but is spelt differently and has a different meaning.
i) Bare -
ii) Stick -
iii) Threw -
iv) Forward -
v) To–
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Fill in the blank spaces below with the most appropriate word.(Solved)
Fill in the blank spaces below with the most appropriate word.
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Complete the following sentence using the correct word from those given in brackets.
i. The material is rather................. (coarse, course)(Solved)
Complete the following sentence using the correct word from those given in brackets.
i. The material is rather ............ (coarse, course)
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Combine the following pairs of sentences using or, and or but.
1. Kabuba went to the market today. He bought nothing.
2. Mogeni bought the car. Mabururu...(Solved)
Combine the following pairs of sentences using or, and or but.
1. Kabuba went to the market today. He bought nothing.
2. Mogeni bought the car. Mabururu drives it.
3. You can wash your bedsheets. You can iron the clothes
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Punctuate the following sentences appropriately.
1. how delightful her manners are
2. i willbe travelling on flight kq 351 to juba.
3. dr. victor is a dentist at...(Solved)
Punctuate the following sentences appropriately.
1. how delightful her manners are
2. i willbe travelling on flight kq 351 to juba.
3. dr. victor is a dentist at matibu hospital kisoso said karisa
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Fill in each blanks using an appropriate prepositions
1. Mariam was betrothed ............... the age of sixteen.
2. The visitors arrived ...................... time as scheduled.
3. Our...(Solved)
Fill in each blanks using an appropriate prepositions
1. Mariam was betrothed ................ the age of sixteen.
2. The visitors arrived .............. time as scheduled.
3. Our classes run ............. 8.00 a.m. to 4.00 p.m.
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Show the predicate from the sentences below.
1. The teacher taught Physics and Chemistry.
2. Amina had checked her email before the blackout.
3. His father prepared a...(Solved)
Show the predicate from the sentences below.
1. The teacher taught Physics and Chemistry.
2. Amina had checked her email before the blackout.
3. His father prepared a wonderful meal for the guests.
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Change the following declarative sentences into interrogative sentences.(Solved)
Change the following declarative sentences into interrogative sentences.
1. They have discovered oil in northern Kenya.
2. Pendo married her brother’s best friend.
3. Once you turn eighteen, you can go for the driving test.
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.(Solved)
Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.
Modern science: A double-edged sword?
The human genome map is complete. This was the startling and fascinating news with which international scientists greeted the 21st Century. It meant that they had discovered and recorded every detail about the patterns of genes in our DNA. DNA is the substance of life in the cells of our bodies, and genes are the patterns in which this substance is arranged. These patterns determine everything about our existence, from what we look like to how long we will live. Thus a full understanding of how these genetic patterns work was a very important scientific discovery for humankind.
Genetic mapping, however, was only one in a long series of scientific discoveries which have drastically changed our world and our lives over the past one hundred-odd years. These discoveries include internal combustion, aerodynamics, wireless communication and nuclear fission. Internal combustion means the production of heat energy by burning fuel inside a closed chamber. Its discovery led to the manufacture of engines which move most vehicles today. It is easy to see that modern transport would be unimaginable without such machines.
Still thinking of transport, the fastest and most efficient form of long-distance travel today is air travel. People had always dreamt of being able to fly but only a proper mastery of the principles of aerodynamics – how objects stand and move within the atmosphere – made it possible to make flying machines. Today, aeroplanes fly to and from every corner of the world. The speeds at which aircraft move is also a wonder. When the supersonic concorde jet was used for air travel, one could have had breakfast in Nairobi, lunch in London and dinner in New York, across three continents, all on the same day. This is the power of modern science.
Being able to send messages through space around the globe is another wonder of modern science. It was only in stories of fantasy that people could see and hear things many miles away. Today, this is reality, thanks to our scientific understanding of the behaviour of sound and vision waves. This understanding has lead to the invention of instruments such as the radio, television, computer and mobile phone. Today, one can watch events on a television set as they happen in any continent or even in space. Science seems to have overtaken magic.
A scientific development which is as frightening as it is fascinating is nuclear fission. Somewhere during the 1930s’ scientist found out that they could produce a tremendous amount of heat energy by splitting the cores of atoms, some of the smallest units of which
matter is made. The heat produced by splitting these atoms was so great that it could burn a whole city to ashes in a matter of minutes. Indeed, this is what sadly happened in Japan in 1945 during the Second World War. In order to win the war quickly, the Americans dropped two atomic bombs, made by nuclear fission, on two Japanese cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The two cities were destroyed instantly and thousands of people were killed. The Japanese were so shocked that they surrendered immediately. Science had helped the Americans to win the war, but at what cost!
This brings us to a very important point about science. It has both benefits and dangers. Our understanding, control and use of nature, which is what science is, can be used for good or for evil, Mastery of human genome, for example, can help in the control of hereditary diseases. A clever rearrangement of a person’s genes may prevent them from inheriting breathing problems characteristic of asthma or uncontrollable bleeding caused by haemophilia. This would be science in the service of humankind. On the other hand, an evil scientist may manipulate human genes to create monsters. Scientist have managed to clone animals such as cattle, sheep and rabbits. A clone is an animal that is an exact genetic copy of another animal. Some scientists have even contemplated producing cloned human beings! What kind of human beings these will turn out to be; only time will tell.
Questions:
1. How did scientists greet the 21st century?
2. Name four scientific discoveries that have been made in the last one hundred years?
3. What according to the passage demonstrates the advantages of aerodynamics?
4. Mention one scientific discovery which is said to have overtaken magic.
5. Explain how an atomic bomb is made.
6. Why did the Americans drop atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
7. How can scientific discoveries in the area of genetics benefit humankind?
8. What is the possible danger of the discoveries in genetic research?
9. Comment on the relevance of the title of the passage.
10. Explain the meaning of the following phrases as used in the passage.
i) Is as frightening as it is fascinating.
ii) A clever rearrangement
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Fill in the gaps below.(Solved)
Fill in the gaps below.
It was now time for 1............... who had a question or anything else to do so. At first nobody stood. 2. ........seemed to be staring blankly in the air waiting for someone else to go first. Suddenly, somebody finally stood. 'I have a suggestion,” she said. 'Let 3............ be given a chance to say 4. ............. We should not leave this meeting until this matter is resolved.' Wangui suddenly gathered 5.............. and spoke as tears flowed freely down her face 6. ............ she asked for forgiveness from those they had aggrieved. Right in front of her, was Paulo, the headboy. Before he could 7..............., Wangui handed him the mobile phone they had been 8............ for in the dormitories. She hated the prospect of facing their ruthless principal, but she was 9..............that that was the right thing to do. The principal was not 10. ..............to learn that Wangui had had this phone all along.
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Correct the underlined idioms in the sentences below
a) I found myself between a rock and a soft place.
b) My heart was in my chest when...(Solved)
Correct the underlined idioms in the sentences below
a) I found myself between a rock and a soft place.
b) My heart was in my chest when I heard the sad news.
c) A lot of water had gone over the bridge when the principal arrived.
d) I had developed hot feet when the teacher on duty got into our class.
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Use the following adjective quantifiers to fill in the gaps in the sentences below.
a) Owing to the strike, only ......... (few/a few) workers...(Solved)
Use the following adjective quantifiers to fill in the gaps in the sentences below.
a) Owing to the strike, only................... (few/a few) workers were able to report before time.
b) Do you not have ..................(some/any) money in your purse?
c)...................(a little /a few) timber was left in the store for usage
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Fill the blanks using appropriate form of word given in the brackets.
a) Rivalry between Owuor and Otieno had ....... (begin) before Akoko got married.
b) If...(Solved)
Fill the blanks using appropriate form of word given in the brackets.
a) Rivalry between Owuor and Otieno had........... (begin) before Akoko got married.
b) If she had spoken to them, they...........(listen).
c) If form three students decide to work hard now, they................(pass) in their fourth year exam.
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Rewrite the following sentences using instructions given after each. (Do not change the meaning of the sentence)
a) The corporal hurts his head when Grusha hits...(Solved)
Rewrite the following sentences using instructions given after each. (Do not change the meaning of the sentence)
a) The corporal hurts his head when Grusha hits him.(rewrite in simple past tense)
b) The Al-Shabab sympathizers will get arrested. They assist them destroy innocent lives (begin using: If...)
c) Kenya’s economy will go down. Proper measures need to be taken (rewrite using....unless....)
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Read the comprehension below and answer the questions that follow.(Solved)
Read the comprehension below and answer the questions that follow.
Prof Atieno Ndede-Amadi the head of the university’s school of Business at Technical University of Kenya (TUK) and associate professor of information systems and accounting, has embarked on a crusade to convince her peers of the need to introduce information systems (IS) analysis as a complete academic programme. She believes that the course would benefit young people interested in IT, as well as local enterprises that have had to rely on expatriates with the skill.
Prof Atieno’s concern arises from her own study. She established that despite a high demand for information system analysts there weren’t many Kenyans specially trained for the job.
As such, companies were hiring outsiders as local universities continued to concentrate on broad range computer science and programming courses, and failing to give much thought to IS analysis.
Information system analysts are trained to evaluate and develop technology systems to help business to run optimally. They identify user and consumer needs and translate them into technology solutions. Despite this critical function, there aren’t many people called IS analysts in the local market, and that’s because the universities here have not been keen to train in this specialization.
“A wide systems analysis skills gap exists in the country due to the absence of strong information system academic programs in local universities.” Prof Atieno states in her study report which is titled,” Information Systems Education in Kenya: Students Specialization Choice trends.” The work has been published in the International Journal of Education and Development using Information and communication Technology (IJEDICT). The study found that of all the 32 public universities and university colleges studied, none offered an information systems or management information systems degree. Only two degrees came close with four institutions offering a Bachelor of Technology (Business Information Technology) degree in varying combinations, and one university offering a Bachelor in Business Information and Management.
Prof Atieno says that if both students and university heads fully appreciated the value of information systems analysis, they would be more focused on it as an area of study. She actually established in her study that the supply gap of people with the skill is largely a result of ignorance. Globally, a majority of IS programs within universities are located in business schools, and they have names such an information systems, management information systems, computer information systems, business information systems, or business information technology. An IS degree programme combines business and computing topics, with the emphasis on technical and organizational issues varying from one programme to another, and also from one academic institution to the next. Generally, it bridges business and computer science, using the theoretical foundations of information and computation to study various business models and related algorithmic process within the computer science discipline.
According to Prof Atieno, organizations cannot effectively and efficiently do business without solid IS setups for connecting systems within as well as with its supply chain stake holders, such as vendors and distributors. Yet, many students aren’t aware of the possibility of a career in this field. In fact, the study found that only 11% of those interviewed knew about IS analysis as a possible area of specialization. “An Information system as an academic discipline seems to be largely unknown to high school students in Kenya, making it impossible for them to select it as an area of specialization in their university education,” it states. The net effect is that the level of IS education in the country has suffered, resulting in a deficiency in systems analysis and related skills.
1. What campaigns has Prof Atieno Amadi involved herself in according to paragraph one.
2. Mention the consequence Kenyans face as a result of lack of personnel in Information Systems Analysis.
3. Explain the irony evident in the passage.
4. Enumerate the functions of an Information System analyst.
5. In your own words write the message in this passage.
6. What do you think is shocking about the findings of this study.
7. What is the tone of the passage?
8. i) A wide system analysis skills gap exists in the country due to the absence of strong information systems.
Begin: As a result
ii) There weren’t many Kenyans specially trained for the job (add a question tag)
9. Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases as used in the passage
i. Globally
ii. Specialization.
iii. Supply chain stake holders
iv. Algorithmic processes
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Fill in the blank spaces.(Solved)
Fill in the blank spaces.
Education is important in enabling the citizens to improve their standards of living. Women today constitute 1 .................. seventy percent of the world’s poor. Although 2 ............. provide important labour especially in the agricultural 3 ....... they receive very little 4 .............their effort. Education will 5 .............. the woman to have access to better employment. Culture also influences the patterns of behavior expected of females and 6 ............. This includes personality, economics, social and domestic tasks and responsibilities. Traditional 7 ..................towards women and their place in 8. .............. as wives and mothers discriminate against them. As such 9 ............ at early age are treated as sources of 10 ............... for the families.
Date posted: October 14, 2019. Answers (1)
- Complete each sentence with a suitable preposition
i) I really prefer just about anything ___________________________ watching television.
ii) Is it possible to unsure my bike___________________________ theft?...(Solved)
Complete each sentence with a suitable preposition
i) I really prefer just about anything ___________________________ watching television.
ii) Is it possible to unsure my bike___________________________ theft?
iii) Being rich doesn’t count ___________________________ much on a desert island
Date posted: October 10, 2019. Answers (1)
- Replace the underlined expressions with the most appropriate one word
1. When the teacher met her outside the classroom, Erastina made up a story
2....(Solved)
Replace the underlined expressions with the most appropriate one word
1. When the teacher met her outside the classroom, Erastina made up a story
2. The walls of the mall carved in after the terrorist attack
3. He always irons out people’s problems
Date posted: October 10, 2019. Answers (1)