(a) Water lifting method
- Lifting water from a source by using a bucket or watering can and pouring it on the crops. - Used widely in market gardens and on farms adjacent to the water.
(b) Flood/basin irrigation
- Diverting river water into a canal then to plots where it?s flooded.
- Commonly used in irrigation schemes.
(c) Sprinkler or overhead irrigation
- Taking water to the fields by pipes and applying it on crops by rotating sprinklers mounted on vertical pipes.
- Used on golf courses and market gardening.
(d) Trickle irrigation
- Plastic pipes with holes laid in the fields through which water trickles to the base of plant. - Popular where fruits and flowers are grown.
(e) Canal irrigation
- Directing water through canal to farms.
- Commonly used in areas experiencing low rainfall example Yatta in Machakos
(f) Drip irrigation
- Inverting bottles filled with water into the roots of a plant.
- Used in low rainfall areas to grow trees, fruits and flowers.
g) Subsurface irrigation
This method consists of supplying water directly to the route zone through ditches at a
slow rate which are 0.5 m to 1 m deep and 25 to 50 cm wide. The ditches are spaced
50 to 100 m apart. Water seeps into the ground and is available to the crop in the form
of a capillary fringe. Proper drainage of excess water is permitted either naturally or
providing suitable drainage works, thereby preventing water logging in fields. The
favourable conditions to practice subsurface conditions are,
1. Availability of imperious subsoil at a reasonable depth (2 to 3m).
2. Water table is present at shallow depth.
3. Availability of moderate slope.
4. Availability of good quality irrigation water.
Vicky001 answered the question on September 24, 2017 at 20:39
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