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1.Rainfall and moisture:
-Grow best above 600 m, and up to 2700 m.
-Bean plants are generally not drought tolerant however within the germ plasm one is able to find variation for drought responses. For instance, Rosecocco is extremely sensitive to drought or low moisture whereas Mwezimoja can tolerate drought to some extent.
-Excessive rainfall also encourage disease outbreaks.
.On the other hand low rainfall leads to low yields as plant is saturated and cannot synthesis carbohydrates well.
.After physiological maturity dry period is needed
2.Soil
-Beans cannot tolerate water logging, soils of low pH (below pH 4.4 is too a acidic).
-Soils should be well drained with good water holding capacity and pH range of 4.5 -5.5.
3.Altitude and Temperature
-Beans cannot withstand frost (very low temperatures at high altitudes where temperatures drop below freezing point).
-Beans cannot withstand high temperatures especially at flowering and pod setting.
-High temperatures during reproductive stage lead to high flower and pod drop lowering yield. --High temperature also increases incidences of diseases. but can be grown between 600 -2700m asl. Below 600 m there are both water and temperature stress and disease problems.
-Above 2700m there is slow growth and frost damage.
4.Photoperiod sensitivity
-Most determinate varieties are day neutral while indeterminate ones are either day neutral or short day plant. That is they move from vegetative to reproductive stage when day length is less than 12 hours for short day period plants while day neutral plants do not respond to day length.
Titany answered the question on August 16, 2021 at 11:02
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