List and explain the steps of the rational decision making model

1.Definition of the Problem
This involves defining the problem to show that a problem exists.
It also involves breaking complicated problems into sub-problems.
2.Analysis of Problem
This involves determining whether the problem is unique or perennial
3.Developing alternative solutions
Feasible alternative solutions are sought and consequences considered.
This may involve investigation of internal and external environment to provide information used in developing alternative solutions.
4.Deciding on best solution
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i. Define the problem: The model begins by defining the problem. A problem exists when there is a discrepancy between an existing and a desired state of affairs. Many poor decisions can be traced to the decision maker overlooking a problem or defining the wrong problem.
ii. Identify the decision criteria: He or she needs to identify the decision criteria that will be important in solving the problem. The decision-maker determines what is relevant in making the decision. This step brings the decision-makers interests, values and similar personal preferences into the process. Identifying criteria is important because what one person thinks relevant, another person may not.
iii. Allocate weights to the criteria: The criteria identified are rarely all equal in importance. So the third step requires the decision-maker to weigh the previously identified criteria in order to give them the correct priority in the decision.
iv. Develop the alternatives: The fourth step requires the decision maker to generate possible alternatives that could succeed in resolving the problem. No attempt is made in this step to appraise these alternatives, only to list them.
v. Evaluate the alternatives: Once the alternatives have been generated, the decision maker must critically analyze and evaluate each one. This is done by rating each alternative on each criterion. The strengths and weaknesses of each alternative become evident as they are compared with the criteria and weights established in the second and third steps.
vi. Select the best alternative: The final step in this model requires putting the optimal decision. This is done by evaluating each alternative against the weighted criteria and selecting the alternative with the highest total score.

Involves evaluation and comparison of the alternative solutions before selection the one that would produce most favorable outcomes.
5.Conversion of decision into effective actions
This is the final element in rational decision making
It involves planning, communicating and apprising.
-Planning – translating decisions into specific programmes
-Communicating – informing each member of his/her responsibility.

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Titany answered the question on August 20, 2021 at 07:47