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• Wording should be open-ended. Respondents should be able to choose their own terms when answering questions.
• Questions should be as neutral as possible. Avoid wording that might influence answers, e.g., evocative, judgmental wording.
• Questions should be asked one at a time.
• Questions should be worded clearly. This includes knowing any terms particular to the program or the respondents' culture.
• Be careful asking "why" questions. This type of question infers a cause-effect relationship that may not truly exist. These questions may also cause respondents to feel defensive, e.g., that they have to justify their response, which may inhibit their responses to this and future questions.
• While Carrying Out Interview
• Occasionally verify the tape recorder (if used) is working.
• Ask one question at a time.
• Attempt to remain as neutral as possible. That is, don't show strong emotional reactions to their responses. Patton suggests to act as if "you've heard it all before."
• Encourage responses with occasional nods of the head, "uh huh"s, etc.
• Be careful about the appearance when note taking. That is, if you jump to take a note, it may appear as if you're surprised or very pleased about an answer, which may influence answers to future questions.
• Provide transition between major topics, e.g., "we've been talking about (some topic) and now I'd like to move on to (another topic)."
• Don't lose control of the interview. This can occur when respondents stray to another topic, take so long to answer a question that times begins to run out, or even begin asking questions to the interviewer.
Titany answered the question on October 21, 2021 at 13:23
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