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1.The level of competition: the more intense the competition, the greater the pressure to
act unethically in seeking a competitive advantage. This may also increase the pressure to achieve high performance, which may cause managers to 'take short cuts' to achieve financial targets or simply to misrepresent their achievements.
2.The organisational culture: the more liberal the culture, and the more autonomy of decision-making and action it allows, the greater the opportunity for acting in one's own interests. Cultures which focus on outcomes rather than processes can imply that the end justify the means. The purpose of the rule-bound bureaucratic structures typically found in public service is to prevent officials from having discretion to favour particular service users and so minimize the possibility of corruption. In such autocratic and bureaucratic cultures, however, there may be a tendency to cover up mistakes and obscure the truth of situations.
3.The degree of dependency between organisations and/or individuals: where one party relies on the other for supplies or approvals (as in the case of regulatory bodies), there is the potential for bribes and payoffs.
Titany answered the question on November 9, 2021 at 06:10
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