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– People use attribution processes to explain the causes of behavior they see in others
– Begins with a quick personal attribution followed by adjustment based on the characteristics of the situation
• Personal attribution
– Characteristics of the person such as beliefs, disposition, or personality, and not the situation, caused the person’s behavior
– Example: when you conclude that another student spends many hours completing a project because he likes to work hard or values hard work, you are making a personal attribution
• Situational attribution
– Aspects of the situation, not qualities of the person, cause the person’s
behavior
– Example: a student worked hard because of the reward of a good grade
• Perceiver uses three types of information when forming an attribution
– Consensus information
i. Distinctiveness information
ii. Consistency information
• Consensus information
– Observe other people in the same or a similar situation
– If other people show the same behavior as the target person, the situation
caused the behavior
– If other people behave differently from the target person, the person
caused the behavior
• Distinctiveness information
– Observe the target person in a different situation
– If the response is different in the new situation, the situation caused the
behavior
– If the response is the same, the person caused the behavior
• Consistency information
– Observe the target person in a similar situation, but at a different time
– High consistency: same behavior at both times
– Low consistency: different behavior at both times
Titany answered the question on November 29, 2021 at 11:55
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