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Over ¾ of Africa’s surface within the tropics Africa do not have great temperature
contrasts like Europe, or Asia and North America (A.T. Grove, 1971).
This means that for other continents the climate can be explained by the influence
of air masses of different temperatures. But Africa to explain its climate is rather difficult,
since it is the most tropical of all the continents, within the tropical. This is because of
different and isolation of regions plus large expanses of desert and rain forest zones that
diversify the climatic conditions over African continent. In Africa regional differences in
river regimes, vegetation, land-use may be explained (primarily) in terms of the variation
from place to place in the amounts and seasonal distribution of the rainfall. Such a
variation depends on the atmospheric circulation.
The climatic characteristics of Africa can be explained by the movement of air
masses that vary from one another in the amount of moisture and their relative stability
rather than in their temperatures. Air masses in Africa come into contact along a broad
ill-defined convergence zone that moves across Africa in response to temperature and
wind changes – i.e. the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
Meteorologists have given the characteristics of this zone as of a frontal zone similar
to those found in Europe and North America. The movement of such air masses
accompanied by other factors produce or give rise to climatic variations over the African
Continent.
Titany answered the question on January 17, 2022 at 12:50
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