Compounding is the process of determining the future value of amount of money held at present.
Discounting on the other hand refers to the process of determining the present value of amount of money to be received at some future date.
Kavungya answered the question on April 13, 2022 at 10:53
- Upendo Ltd. is in the process of raising additional finance. The company’s financial structure
comprises ordinary share capital, reference share capital, debenture capital and retained earnings.
Each...(Solved)
Upendo Ltd. is in the process of raising additional finance. The company’s financial structure
comprises ordinary share capital, reference share capital, debenture capital and retained earnings.
Each of these sources of finance is analyzed below:
Ordinary Share Capital
• The current market price per share is Sh.80
• The company expects to pay a cash dividend of Sh.6 per share in the next financial year
• The annual rate of growth in dividend per share is 6%
• Flotation costs amounting to Sh8 per share
11% Preference Share Capital
• The par value per share is Sh.100
• The share are currently trading at par
• Flotation costs amounting to Sh.4 per share 10% Debenture Capital
• The per value is Sh1,000 for each debenture stock
• The debenture have ten-year maturity period
• The flotation cost for each debenture stock is Sh.50 Retained Earnings
• The company expects to have Sh.225,000 of retained earnings available for the next financial year.
• Should the retained earnings balance to exhausted, the company will use common stock as the form of equity financing
Required:
i) Calculate the cost of Capital for ordinary share capital, preference share capital, debenture
capital and retained earnings
ii) Calculate the marginal cost of capital applying the target capital proportions and using
retained earnings to represent equity finance
iii) Comment on the relevance of the marginal cost of capital in (ii) above to Upendo Ltd.
Date posted: April 13, 2022. Answers (1)
- The following was the capital structure of Fahari Ltd. as at 31 October 2007.
Additional information:
1. The market prices per ordinary share, preference share and debenture...(Solved)
The following was the capital structure of Fahari Ltd. as at 31 October 2007.
Additional information:
1. The market prices per ordinary share, preference share and debenture were sh. 45, and sh. 30
and sh. 1,200 respectively on 31 October 2007.
2. The dividend per ordinary share for the year ended 31 October 2006 was sh. 8.00. Dividends
are expected to grow at an annual rate of 12 percent.
3. The rate of corporation tax is 30 per cent.
Required:
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) of fahari Ltd. Use market value weights
Date posted: April 13, 2022. Answers (1)
- Jasmin Ltd. a quoted company intends to raise sh. 14,000,000 to finance a capital project. The company is considering issuing the following securities in order...(Solved)
Jasmin Ltd. a quoted company intends to raise sh. 14,000,000 to finance a capital project. The company is considering issuing the following securities in order to raise the required amount.
• 200,000 ordinary shares at the ex- div market price subject to a 10% floatation cost per share.
The company’s issued shares are currently trading at sh. 32.40 per share cum – div. Dividends for the year ended 31 December 2008 have not yet been paid to shareholders.
• 40,000 12% debentures at the current market price of sh. 80 per debenture. The par value of each debenture is sh. 100.
• 100,000 10% preference shares at the current par value of sh. 20 per share.
The balance of the capital required would be obtained from retained earnings.
Required:
i) Ex – div market price per ordinary share.
ii) Cost of capital for each component of additional finance.
iii) Marginal cost of capital of the company.
iv) Comment on the application of the marginal cost of capital obtained in b(iii) above.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Karatasi Ltd. had the following capital structure as at 31 December 2008.
Additional information:
1. The current market price per ordinary share, preference share and debenture is...(Solved)
Karatasi Ltd. had the following capital structure as at 31 December 2008.
Additional information:
1. The current market price per ordinary share, preference share and debenture is sh.. 50, sh. 24 and sh. 1,200 respectively.
2. For the year ended 31 December 2008, the company paid an ordinary dividend of sh. 6.00 per share. Analysts estimate that the company’s earnings and dividends will grow at an annual rate of 15 per cent indefinitely.
3. The corporation tax rate is 30 per cent.
Required;-
The company’s market weighted average cost of capital.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- The capital structure of Jmaa Ltd. Which is considered optimal, as at 30 September 2009 was as follows :
The company intends to raise additional funds...(Solved)
The capital structure of Jmaa Ltd. Which is considered optimal, as at 30 September 2009 was as follows :
The company intends to raise additional funds for investing in a new project which is estimated to
cost sh. 240 million.
Additional information:
1. Any new ordinary shares issued will incur a 12% floatation cost per share.
2. The most recent ordinary dividend per share was sh. 5.
3. The past and expected future earnings growth rate is 10%. The earnings growth rate is expected
to be matched with growth rate in dividends.
4. The current dividend rate is 6.25%.
5. The company expects to raise a maximum of sh. 36 million from retained earnings to finance
the project.
6. Additional 8% preference shares can be issued at the current market price of sh. 80 per share.
7. A new 12% debenture can be issued at sh. 960 for each debenture through the stock exchange.
8. Corporation tax rate is 30%.
Required:
i) The current market price per ordinary share.
ii) The number of ordinary shares that should be issued to finance the project.
iii) The company’s weighted marginal cost of capital (WMCC)
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Pick Ltd has the following capital structure which is considered optimal. The investors of Pick ltd expect earnings and dividends to grow at a constant...(Solved)
Pick Ltd has the following capital structure which is considered optimal.
The investors of Pick ltd expect earnings and dividends to grow at a constant rate of 9% in the future.
The company has just paid a dividend of sh.3.6 per share and its stock currently sells at a price of sh.60 per share. Treasury bonds yield 11% and the return on the market is 14%.Pick ltd beta is 1.51 New preferred stock can be sold at sh.100per share with a dividend of sh.11 per share and flotation costs of sh.5 per share.
The company’s tax rate is 30%and it pays out all its earnings as dividend.12% debentures with a maturity of 10 years can be sold at sh.92 per debenture
Required
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) using market values
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- The optimal capital structure of DP Ltd. is as shown below.
The company has sh. 300,000 in retained earnings and is considering investing in a project...(Solved)
The optimal capital structure of DP Ltd. is as shown below.
The company has sh. 300,000 in retained earnings and is considering investing in a project which will cost sh. 1,200,000
Required:
i) The marginal cost of capital (MCC) assuming a 30% tax rate.
ii) Retained earnings break point.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Explain the meaning of the term “enterprise value” in the context of the valuation of a business entity.(Solved)
Explain the meaning of the term “enterprise value” in the context of the valuation of a business entity.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Laura Ltd intends to raise Sh.25 million to finance a new project through a rights issue. The project has a 10 year economic life with...(Solved)
Laura Ltd intends to raise Sh.25 million to finance a new project through a rights issue. The project has a 10 year economic life with ho salvage value and is expected to generate annual cash inflows of Sh.7, 372,280. The company has 4 million issued and fully paid shares. The cost of capital is 15% and before the announcement of the rights issue, the market price per share was Sh. 18.
Required:
The cum-rights market puce per share.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Chairimani Ltd. is contemplating to issue 8% bonds redeemable at Sh.100 par value in three years' time. Alternatively, each bond may be converted on that...(Solved)
Chairimani Ltd. is contemplating to issue 8% bonds redeemable at Sh.100 par value in three years' time. Alternatively, each bond may be converted on that date into 30 ordinary shares of the company. The current market price per share is Sh.3.30 and this is expected to grow at 5% per annum into perpetuity. The company's cost of debt is 6% per annum.
Required:
(i) Market value of the bond.
(ii) Floor value of the bond.
(iii) Conversion premium per share.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Rock Ltd. is planning to issue 10 million Sh.0.25 shares with a current market price of Sh. 1.55 cum-dividend. An annual dividend of Sh.0.09 has...(Solved)
Rock Ltd. is planning to issue 10 million Sh.0.25 shares with a current market price of Sh. 1.55 cum-dividend. An annual dividend of Sh.0.09 has been proposed. The company earns an accounting rate of return on equity (R.O.E) of 10% and a dividend payout of 40%. The company also has 13%. Sh. 100 redeemable debentures with a nominal value of Sh.7 million, trading at Sh. 105. The debentures are due to be redeemed at par in five years' time.
Assume a corporation tax rate of 30%.
Required:
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) of the company.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Moran Ltd. earnings and dividend per share have been growing at a rate of 18% per annum. This rate is expected to be constant for...(Solved)
Moran Ltd. earnings and dividend per share have been growing at a rate of 18% per annum. This rate is expected to be constant for four years, after which it will fall to 12% for another four years.
Thereafter, the growth rate will be 6% in perpetuity. The last dividend per share to be paid was Sh.2 and the investors' required rate of return is 15%.
Required:
The intrinsic value per share.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Distinguish between the following sets of terms:
(i) Disintermediation and intermediation.
(ii) Mutual funds and hedge funds.(Solved)
Distinguish between the following sets of terms:
(i) Disintermediation and intermediation.
(ii) Mutual funds and hedge funds.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Highlight three reasons why accounting profit might not be the best measure of a company's achievement.(Solved)
Highlight three reasons why accounting profit might not be the best measure of a company's achievement.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Explain the following terms as used in capital structure of a firm:
i) Operating leverage.
ii) Financial leverage.(Solved)
Explain the following terms as used in capital structure of a firm:
i) Operating leverage.
ii) Financial leverage.
Date posted: April 11, 2022. Answers (1)
- Differentiate between “Running yield and “flat yield”.(Solved)
Differentiate between “Running yield and “flat yield”.
Date posted: April 5, 2022. Answers (1)
- The following data is available for Firm A
Required:
i. Overall break – even point in units.
ii. Degree of operating leverage.
iii. Degree of financial leverage.
iv. Degree of...(Solved)
The following data is available for Firm A
Required:
i. Overall break – even point in units.
ii. Degree of operating leverage.
iii. Degree of financial leverage.
iv. Degree of total leverage.
Date posted: April 5, 2022. Answers (1)
- The following data show the capital structure of Samma Ltd.
The company’s current dividend yield is 5% while the tax rate is 30%.
Required:
The weighted marginal cost...(Solved)
The following data show the capital structure of Samma Ltd.
The management of Samma Ltd. intends to invest in a project estimated to cost sh.16, 800,000.
The cost of the project will be raised as follows:
• Issue 10% 100 debentures at the current price of sh. 5,000.
• Issue 10% sh. 20 preference shares at the market price of sh. 25.
• Issue ordinary shares at the current market price of sh. 45 with floatation cost of 12%.
• Utilise 60% shares at the current market price of sh. 45. with floatation cost of 12%
The company’s current dividend yield is 5% while the tax rate is 30%.
Required:
The weighted marginal cost of capital.
Date posted: April 5, 2022. Answers (1)
- The capital structure of Savy Ltd. is as follows:
Required:
i) The company's growth in equity.
ii) The company's weighted average cost of capital (WACC).(Solved)
The capital structure of Savy Ltd. is as follows:
Additional information:
1. Ordinary shares are currently quoted at Sh. 14 on the securities exchange.
2. Ordinary shares have a dividend cover of 3 times and an earnings per share (EPS) of Sh.6.
3. The 18% debentures were issued in 2006 at a price of Sh.l 00. They are due for redemption in
2014 at sh. 120
4. The company incurred Sh. 400,000 in floatation costs when raising the loan.
5. The company's tax rate is 30%.
Required:
i) The company's growth in equity.
ii) The company's weighted average cost of capital (WACC).
Date posted: April 5, 2022. Answers (1)
- Digital Ltd. projects to raise Sh.50 million for construction of a new plant. After due consideration, the financial manager proposed the following three financial plans.
1....(Solved)
Digital Ltd. projects to raise Sh.50 million for construction of a new plant. After due consideration, the financial manager proposed the following three financial plans.
1. Issue of 5,000,000 ordinary shares at Sh. 10 each.
2. Issue of 2,500,000 ordinary shares at Sh.10 each and 250,000 debentures of Sh.100 each bearing 8% rate of interest per annum.
3. Issue of 2,500,000 ordinary shares at Sh. 10 each and 250,000 preference shares at Sh. 100 each bearing 8% rate of interest per annum.
The company's tax rate is 30%.
Required:
i) Earnings per share (EPS) when the company earnings before interest and tax are Sh. l million, Sh.2 million,Sh.4 million, Sh.6 million and Sh.10 million, under each of the three financial plans.
ii) Advise the management of Digital Ltd. on the best financial plan in (b) (i) above.
Date posted: April 5, 2022. Answers (1)